Two sensitive and accurate methods for the determination of
apo B using polyclonal antibody for human purified
LDL are reported. Modified one step EIA by sandwich method is highly sensitive and serum has to be diluted by 1,000-3,000 times, but suited for the diagnosis of hypo or
abetalipoproteinemia, detailed analyses of
lipoprotein subfractions and in vitro study of
lipoprotein metabolism.
Latex method is moderately sensitive (serum dilution: 100 times), automated, simple and accurate with CV, 1.5-2.5%. Serum
apo B assay is useful not only for the diagnosis of
hyperlipidemia, hypolipidemia, but also for the analyses of atherogenic
lipoproteins which are frequently associated with large vessel atherosclerotic changes in diabetes,
obesity and coronary, cerebral or
peripheral vascular diseases. A family pedigree of elevated
apo B with frequent association of
diabetes (type 2 b) and prominent
hypercholesterolemia with autoimmune
apo B antibody has been described. In
obesity, either
hyperinsulinemia or
hyperglycemia plays a role in the elevation of VLDL and IDL probably through hepatic overproduction of VLDL. The size of VLDL tends to be larger in VLDL while IDL and
LDL seem to become smaller judging from relative
lipid contents to
apo B.