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Azithromycin 1.5% ophthalmic solution: in purulent bacterial or trachomatous conjunctivitis.

Abstract
The second-generation macrolide azithromycin is available as a 1.5% ophthalmic solution for use in the treatment of bacterial or trachomatous conjunctivitis. This article reviews the pharmacological properties of azithromycin 1.5% ophthalmic solution and its clinical efficacy and tolerability in patients with purulent bacterial conjunctivitis or trachomatous conjunctivitis caused by Chlamydia trachomatis. Azithromycin 1.5% ophthalmic solution had good in vitro activity against Haemophilus influenzae and C. trachomatis, and achieved good concentrations in tear samples from healthy volunteers. Azithromycin 1.5% ophthalmic solution for 3 days (1 drop twice daily) was noninferior to tobramycin 0.3% ophthalmic solution for 7 days (1 drop every 2 hours) in paediatric and adult patients with purulent bacterial conjunctivitis, with regard to clinical cure and bacteriological resolution on day 9, in a randomized, investigator-masked, multicentre study. In children with trachomatous inflammation, 3-day treatment with azithromycin 1.5% ophthalmic solution was noninferior to a single dose of azithromycin oral suspension, with regard to clinical cure rate in the worst eye at 60 days, in a randomized, double-masked, multicentre study. Azithromycin 1.5% ophthalmic solution was well tolerated in patients with bacterial or trachomatous conjunctivitis. Most events were of mild to moderate severity.
AuthorsKarly P Garnock-Jones
JournalDrugs (Drugs) Vol. 72 Issue 3 Pg. 361-73 (Feb 12 2012) ISSN: 1179-1950 [Electronic] New Zealand
PMID22316352 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Review)
Chemical References
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Ophthalmic Solutions
  • Azithromycin
Topics
  • Animals
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents (pharmacokinetics, pharmacology)
  • Azithromycin (pharmacokinetics, pharmacology)
  • Chlamydia trachomatis (drug effects)
  • Haemophilus influenzae (drug effects)
  • Humans
  • Ophthalmic Solutions (pharmacokinetics, pharmacology)
  • Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Trachoma (drug therapy, metabolism)
  • Treatment Outcome

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