Abstract | BACKGROUND: The increase in recent outbreaks and unpredictable changes of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 in birds and humans highlights the urgent need to develop a cross-protective H5N1 vaccine. We here report our development of a multiple-clade H5N1 influenza vaccine tested for immunogenicity and efficacy to confer cross-protection in an animal model. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Mice received two doses of influenza split vaccine with oil-in-water emulsion adjuvant SP01 by intranasal administration separated by two weeks. Single vaccines (3 µg HA per dose) included rg-A/Vietnam/1203/2004(Clade 1), rg-A/Indonesia/05/2005(Clade 2.1), and rg-A/Anhui/1/2005(Clade 2.3.4). The trivalent vaccine contained 1 µg HA per dose of each single vaccine. Importantly, complete cross-protection was observed in mice immunized using trivalent vaccine with oil-in-water emulsion adjuvant SP01 that was subsequently challenged with the lethal A/OT/SZ/097/03 influenza strain (Clade 0), whereas only the survival rate was up to 60% in single A/Anhui/1/2005 vaccine group. CONCLUSION/SIGNIFICANCE: Our findings demonstrated that the multiple-clade H5N1 influenza vaccine was able to elicit a cross-protective immune response to heterologous HPAI H5N1 virus, thus giving rise to a broadly cross-reactive vaccine to potential prevention use ahead of the strain-specific pandemic influenza vaccine in the event of an HPAI H5N1 influenza outbreak. Also, the multiple-clade adjuvanted vaccine could be useful in allowing timely initiation of vaccination against unknown pandemic virus.
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Authors | Penghui Yang, Yueqiang Duan, Peirui Zhang, Zhiwei Li, Cheng Wang, Mei Dong, Chong Tang, Li Xing, Hongjing Gu, Zhongpeng Zhao, Xiufan Liu, Shaogeng Zhang, Xiliang Wang |
Journal | PloS one
(PLoS One)
Vol. 7
Issue 1
Pg. e30252
( 2012)
ISSN: 1932-6203 [Electronic] United States |
PMID | 22279575
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
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Chemical References |
- Antibodies, Viral
- Immunoglobulin A
- Influenza Vaccines
- Interleukin-4
- Interferon-gamma
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Topics |
- Administration, Intranasal
- Animals
- Antibodies, Viral
(blood, immunology)
- Cross Protection
(immunology)
- Cross Reactions
(immunology)
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
- Female
- Humans
- Immunoglobulin A
(blood, immunology)
- Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype
(classification, immunology)
- Influenza Vaccines
(administration & dosage, immunology)
- Interferon-gamma
(immunology, metabolism)
- Interleukin-4
(immunology, metabolism)
- Lymphocytes
(drug effects, immunology, metabolism)
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Orthomyxoviridae Infections
(immunology, prevention & control, virology)
- Species Specificity
- Vaccination
(methods)
- Virus Replication
(drug effects, immunology)
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