Determination of atomoxetine metabolites in human plasma by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry and its application to a pharmacokinetic study.

Abstract

4-Hydroxyatomoxetine (4-HAT) and N-desmethylatomoxetine (N-DAT) are major metabolites of atomoxetine, a potent and selective inhibitor of the presynaptic norepinephrine transporter that is used for the treatment of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. The pharmacological activity of 4-HAT is similar to that of atomoxetine. We have developed and validated a simple, rapid and sensitive liquid chromatography analytical method with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for the determination of 4-HAT and N-DAT in human plasma. After liquid-liquid extraction with methyl t-butyl ether, chromatographic separation of analytes was performed using a reversed-phase Luna C(18) column (2.0mm×100mm, 3μm particles) with a mobile phase of 10mM ammonium formate buffer (pH 3.5)-methanol (10:90, v/v) and quantified by MS/MS detection in ESI positive ion mode. The flow rate of the mobile phase was 250μL/min and the retention times of 4-HAT, N-DAT and internal standard (IS, metoprolol) were 0.9, 1.0 and 1.0min, respectively. The calibration curves were linear over the range of 0.05-20ng/mL for 4-HAT and 0.1-20ng/mL for N-DAT. The lower limits of quantification, using 200μL human plasma, were 0.05 and 0.1ng/mL for 4-HAT and N-DAT, respectively. The mean accuracy and precision for intra- and inter-day validation of 4-HAT and N-DAT were both within the acceptable limits. This LC-MS/MS method showed improved sensitivity for quantification of the two main metabolites of atomoxetine in human plasma compared with previously described analytical methods. The validated method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study in humans.

• Authors: Chang-Ik Choi, Jung-Woo Bae, Hye-In Lee, Choon-Gon Jang, Uy Dong Sohn, Seok-Yong Lee
• Journal: Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences (J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci) Vol. 885-886 Pg. 103-8 (Feb 15 2012) ISSN: 1873-376X [Electronic] Netherlands
• PMID: 22237133 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• Phenols
• Phenyl Ethers
• Propylamines
• N-desmethylatomoxetine
• Atomoxetine Hydrochloride
• 4-hydroxyatomoxetine

Topics

• Atomoxetine Hydrochloride
• Chromatography, Liquid (methods)
• Drug Stability
• Humans
• Male
• Phenols (blood, pharmacokinetics)
• Phenyl Ethers (blood, pharmacokinetics)
• Propylamines (blood, metabolism, pharmacokinetics)
• Reproducibility of Results
• Sensitivity and Specificity
• Tandem Mass Spectrometry (methods)
• Young Adult