Abstract | BACKGROUND: Predicting vesico-ureteral reflux (VUR) ≥3 at the time of the first urinary tract infection (UTI) would make it possible to restrict cystography to high-risk children. We previously derived the following clinical decision rule for that purpose: cystography should be performed in cases with ureteral dilation and a serum procalcitonin level ≥0.17 ng/mL, or without ureteral dilatation when the serum procalcitonin level ≥0.63 ng/mL. The rule yielded a 86% sensitivity with a 46% specificity. We aimed to test its reproducibility. STUDY DESIGN: A secondary analysis of prospective series of children with a first UTI. The rule was applied, and predictive ability was calculated. RESULTS: The study included 413 patients (157 boys, VUR ≥3 in 11%) from eight centers in five countries. The rule offered a 46% specificity (95% CI, 41-52), not different from the one in the derivation study. However, the sensitivity significantly decreased to 64% (95%CI, 50-76), leading to a difference of 20% (95%CI, 17-36). In all, 16 (34%) patients among the 47 with VUR ≥3 were misdiagnosed by the rule. This lack of reproducibility might result primarily from a difference between derivation and validation populations regarding inflammatory parameters (CRP, PCT); the validation set samples may have been collected earlier than for the derivation one. CONCLUSIONS: The rule built to predict VUR ≥3 had a stable specificity (ie. 46%), but a decreased sensitivity (ie. 64%) because of the time variability of PCT measurement. Some refinement may be warranted.
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Authors | Sandrine Leroy, François Bouissou, Anna Fernandez-Lopez, Metin K Gurgoze, Kyriaki Karavanaki, Tim Ulinski, Silvia Bressan, Geogios Vaos, Pierre Leblond, Yvon Coulais, Carlos Luaces Cubells, A Denizmen Aygun, Constantinos J Stefanidis, Albert Bensman, Liviana Da Dalt, Liviana DaDalt, Stefanos Gardikis, Sandra Bigot, Dominique Gendrel, Gérard Bréart, Martin Chalumeau |
Journal | PloS one
(PLoS One)
Vol. 6
Issue 12
Pg. e29556
( 2011)
ISSN: 1932-6203 [Electronic] United States |
PMID | 22216314
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Multicenter Study, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
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Copyright | © 2011 Leroy et al. |
Chemical References |
- CALCA protein, human
- Protein Precursors
- Calcitonin
- Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide
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Topics |
- Calcitonin
(blood)
- Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide
- Child
- Decision Making
- Female
- Humans
- Male
- Prospective Studies
- Protein Precursors
(blood)
- Sensitivity and Specificity
- Urinary Tract Infections
(blood, complications)
- Vesico-Ureteral Reflux
(blood, complications, diagnosis)
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