Abstract |
Proteinase-activated receptors (PARs) are G protein-coupled receptors activated by various proteinases. PARs play important roles in haemostasis, thrombosis, and inflammation. PAR₁ and PAR₂ are expressed in endometrial cells from the eutopic endometrium and endometriotic cells derived from endometriotic lesions. A typical activator of PAR₁, thrombin, and a typical activator of PAR₂, tryptase, are produced in the endometrium as well as endometriotic lesions. PAR₁ activation in endometrial stromal cells induces production of vascular endothelial growth factor and matrix metalloproteinases, and increases activities of tissue-type and urokinase-type plasminogen activator. PAR₂ activation in endometrial stromal cells stimulates interleukin (IL)-8 and stem cell factor production and proliferation of the cells. PAR₁ activation in endometriotic stromal cells induces production of IL-8, monocyte chemotactic protein-1, and cyclooxygenase-2, and proliferation of the cells. PAR₂ activation in endometriotic stromal cells increases secretion of IL-6 and IL-8, and the number of the cells. These findings indicate a wide range of function of PAR₁ and PAR₂ in the endometrium and endometriosis, and suggest PAR₁ and PAR₂ as possible therapeutic targets for endometriosis.
|
Authors | Yutaka Osuga, Yasushi Hirota, Osamu Yoshino, Tetsuya Hirata, Kaori Koga, Yuji Taketani |
Journal | Frontiers in bioscience (Elite edition)
(Front Biosci (Elite Ed))
Vol. 4
Issue 2
Pg. 755-67
(01 01 2012)
ISSN: 1945-0508 [Electronic] Singapore |
PMID | 22201911
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
|
Chemical References |
- Receptor, PAR-1
- Receptor, PAR-2
|
Topics |
- Animals
- Endometriosis
(metabolism)
- Endometrium
(metabolism)
- Female
- Humans
- Receptor, PAR-1
(metabolism, physiology)
- Receptor, PAR-2
(metabolism, physiology)
|