Abstract | OBJECTIVES: METHODS: A multi-institutional retrospective study was carried out, in which 619 eligible hospitalized patients receiving oral opioid analgesics for cancer pain were enrolled from 35 medical institutions. The primary endpoint was the incidence of opioid-induced side effects in patients receiving prophylactic medication. Odds ratios of the incidence of adverse reactions in the absence or presence of premedication obtained from several institutions were subjected to a meta-analysis. RESULTS: Among 619 patients, the incidence of constipation was significantly lower in patients receiving laxatives, including magnesium oxide, as premedication than in those without them (34% vs. 55%, odds ratio=0.432, 95% confidence interval=0.300-0.622, P<0.001). However, the incidence of nausea or vomiting was similar regardless of prophylactic medication with dopamine D2 blockers. The results of the meta-analysis revealed that prophylactic laxatives significantly reduced the incidence of constipation (overall odds ratio=0.469, 95% confidence interval=0.231-0.955, P=0.037), whereas dopamine D2 blockers were not effective in preventing opioid-induced nausea or vomiting. DISCUSSION:
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Authors | Masashi Ishihara, Hiroaki Ikesue, Hisashi Matsunaga, Katsuya Suemaru, Kiyoyuki Kitaichi, Kimitaka Suetsugu, Ryozo Oishi, Toshiaki Sendo, Hiroaki Araki, Yoshinori Itoh, Japanese Study Group for the Relief of Opioid-induced Gastrointestinal Dysfunction |
Journal | The Clinical journal of pain
(Clin J Pain)
Vol. 28
Issue 5
Pg. 373-81
(Jun 2012)
ISSN: 1536-5409 [Electronic] United States |
PMID | 22156893
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Multicenter Study)
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Chemical References |
- Analgesics, Opioid
- Antiemetics
- Laxatives
- Magnesium Oxide
- Morphine
- Oxycodone
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Topics |
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Analgesics, Opioid
(adverse effects)
- Antiemetics
(therapeutic use)
- Constipation
(chemically induced, epidemiology)
- Female
- Gastrointestinal Diseases
(chemically induced, prevention & control)
- Humans
- Japan
- Laxatives
(therapeutic use)
- Magnesium Oxide
(therapeutic use)
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Morphine
(adverse effects)
- Nausea
(chemically induced, epidemiology)
- Neoplasms
(complications, drug therapy)
- Odds Ratio
- Oxycodone
(adverse effects)
- Pain
(drug therapy, etiology)
- Vomiting
(chemically induced, epidemiology)
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