Basophil allergen threshold sensitivity, CD-sens, IgE-sensitization and DBPCFC in peanut-sensitized children.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Immunoglobulin E (IgE)-sensitization to peanut is common and can indicate an allergy. A positive test needs to be confirmed by a double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenge (DBPCFC), which is regarded as 'the gold standard'. The aim of the study was to evaluate the basophil allergen threshold sensitivity (CD-sens) and antibodies to peanut allergen components in relation to DBPCFC in the diagnoses of peanut allergy in children.

METHODS:

Thirty-eight children with suspected peanut allergy underwent a DBPCFC. CD-sens to peanut and Ara h 2 were analysed as well as IgE-antibody to peanut and some of its allergen components (Ara h 1, 2, 3, 8 and 9).

RESULTS:

Twenty-five children had a positive DBPCFC, and 92% of these were positive in CD-sens to peanut and Ara h 2. Two children with a positive DBPCFC were classified as 'low-responders' and were not further evaluated. Children positive in DBPCFC had higher CD-sens values to peanut (median 1.3; range 0.4-29, n = 21) compared with children negative in DBPCFC (median 0; range 0-0.5, n = 13) (P < 0.0001). A positive DBPCFC correspond with increased levels of IgE-antibody to Ara h 1, 2 and 3 compared with those with a negative challenge (P < 0.0001 for all). All children with a negative CD-sens were negative in DBPCFC.

CONCLUSION:

In this study, a negative CD-sens to peanut excluded peanut allergy. Both tests, CD-sens to peanut and immunoassay for IgE-antibody to the peanut components, appear to be safe, time saving and cost-effective complements to DBPCFC.

• Authors: S Glaumann, A Nopp, S G O Johansson, M Rudengren, M P Borres, C Nilsson
• Journal: Allergy (Allergy) Vol. 67 Issue 2 Pg. 242-7 (Feb 2012) ISSN: 1398-9995 [Electronic] Denmark
• PMID: 22126416 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Randomized Controlled Trial)
• Copyright: © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S.

Chemical References

• 2S Albumins, Plant
• Allergens
• Antigens, Plant
• Ara h 2 allergen, Arachis hypogaea
• Glycoproteins
• Immunoglobulin E

Topics

• 2S Albumins, Plant (immunology)
• Adolescent
• Adult
• Allergens (immunology)
• Antigens, Plant (immunology)
• Arachis (chemistry, immunology)
• Basophils (immunology)
• Child
• Child, Preschool
• Female
• Glycoproteins (immunology)
• Humans
• Immunoglobulin E (blood, immunology)
• Male
• Peanut Hypersensitivity (diagnosis, immunology)
• Young Adult