The Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis-tomato interactome reveals the perception of pathogen by the host and suggests mechanisms of infection.

Abstract

The Gram-positive bacterium Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis (Cmm) causes wilt and canker disease of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). Mechanisms of Cmm pathogenicity and tomato response to Cmm infection are not well understood. To explore the interaction between Cmm and tomato, multidimensional protein identification technology (MudPIT) and tandem mass spectrometry were used to analyze in vitro and in planta generated samples. The results show that during infection Cmm senses the plant environment, transmits signals, induces, and then secretes multiple hydrolytic enzymes, including serine proteases of the Pat-1, Ppa, and Sbt familes, the CelA, XysA, and NagA glycosyl hydrolases, and other cell wall-degrading enzymes. Tomato induction of pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins, LOX1, and other defense-related proteins during infection indicates that the plant senses the invading bacterium and mounts a basal defense response, although partial with some suppressed components including class III peroxidases and a secreted serine peptidase. The tomato ethylene-synthesizing enzyme ACC-oxidase was induced during infection with the wild-type Cmm but not during infection with an endophytic Cmm strain, identifying Cmm-triggered host synthesis of ethylene as an important factor in disease symptom development. The proteomic data were also used to improve Cmm genome annotation, and thousands of Cmm gene models were confirmed or expanded.

• Authors: Alon Savidor, Doron Teper, Karl-Heinz Gartemann, Rudolf Eichenlaub, Laura Chalupowicz, Shulamit Manulis-Sasson, Isaac Barash, Helena Tews, Kerstin Mayer, Richard J Giannone, Robert L Hettich, Guido Sessa
• Journal: Journal of proteome research (J Proteome Res) Vol. 11 Issue 2 Pg. 736-50 (Feb 03 2012) ISSN: 1535-3907 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 22098337 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Bacterial Proteins
• Ethylenes
• Plant Proteins
• Proteome
• ethylene

Topics

• Actinomycetales (pathogenicity, physiology)
• Bacterial Proteins (analysis, metabolism)
• Ethylenes (metabolism)
• Host-Pathogen Interactions
• Solanum lycopersicum
• Plant Diseases (microbiology)
• Plant Proteins (analysis, metabolism)
• Proteome
• Proteomics (methods)
• Signal Transduction
• Software
• Tandem Mass Spectrometry