Clinical trial of vinblastine in dogs with transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the urinary bladder of dogs can be a difficult cancer to treat, and effective therapies are limited. Vinblastine has been used in humans with TCC and has potent anti-proliferative effects against canine TCC cells in vitro.

OBJECTIVES:

To determine the antitumor activity and toxicoses of vinblastine in dogs with urinary bladder TCC.

ANIMALS:

Animals selected were 28 privately owned dogs that presented to the Purdue University Veterinary Teaching Hospital (PUVTH) with measurable, histologically confirmed TCC.

METHODS:

Prospective clinical trial: The starting vinblastine dosage was 3.0 mg/m(2) i.v. every 2 weeks. Treatment continued until cancer progression or unacceptable toxicoses occurred. Complete evaluations (physical exam, complete blood count [CBC], serum biochemical profile, urinalysis, thoracic radiography, abdominal ultrasound [US]) were performed at 8-week intervals. Urinary tract US with bladder tumor mapping was performed monthly. Toxicoses were graded according to Veterinary Co-Operative Oncology Group (VCOG) criteria.

RESULTS:

Tumor responses included 10 (36%) partial remission, 14 (50%) stable disease, and 4 (14%) progressive disease. The median progression free interval was 122 days (range, 28-399 days). The median survival time was 147 days (range, 28-476 days) from 1st vinblastine treatment to death and 299 days (range, 43-921 days) from diagnosis to death. The majority of dogs (27 of 28) did not have clinically relevant adverse effects. Seventeen of 28 (61%) dogs required dosage reductions because of neutropenia.

CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE:

Vinblastine has antitumor activity against TCC in dogs and can be considered another treatment option for this cancer.

• Authors: E J Arnold, M O Childress, L M Fourez, K M Tan, J C Stewart, P L Bonney, D W Knapp
• Journal: Journal of veterinary internal medicine (J Vet Intern Med) 2011 Nov-Dec Vol. 25 Issue 6 Pg. 1385-90 ISSN: 1939-1676 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 22092632 (Publication Type: Clinical Trial, Journal Article)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2011 by the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.

Chemical References

• Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic
• Vinblastine

Topics

• Animals
• Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic (therapeutic use)
• Carcinoma, Transitional Cell (drug therapy, veterinary)
• Cell Line, Tumor
• Dog Diseases (drug therapy)
• Dogs
• Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
• Female
• Male
• Urinary Bladder Neoplasms (drug therapy, veterinary)
• Vinblastine (therapeutic use)