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Response of barley plants to Fe deficiency and Cd contamination as affected by S starvation.

Abstract
Both Fe deficiency and Cd exposure induce rapid changes in the S nutritional requirement of plants. The aim of this work was to characterize the strategies adopted by plants to cope with both Fe deficiency (release of phytosiderophores) and Cd contamination [production of glutathione (GSH) and phytochelatins] when grown under conditions of limited S supply. Experiments were performed in hydroponics, using barley plants grown under S sufficiency (1.2 mM sulphate) and S deficiency (0 mM sulphate), with or without Fe(III)-EDTA at 0.08 mM for 11 d and subsequently exposed to 0.05 mM Cd for 24 h or 72 h. In S-sufficient plants, Fe deficiency enhanced both root and shoot Cd concentrations and increased GSH and phytochelatin levels. In S-deficient plants, Fe starvation caused a slight increase in Cd concentration, but this change was accompanied neither by an increase in GSH nor by an accumulation of phytochelatins. Release of phytosiderophores, only detectable in Fe-deficient plants, was strongly decreased by S deficiency and further reduced after Cd treatment. In roots Cd exposure increased the expression of the high affinity sulphate transporter gene (HvST1) regardless of the S supply, and the expression of the Fe deficiency-responsive genes, HvYS1 and HvIDS2, irrespective of Fe supply. In conclusion, adequate S availability is necessary to cope with Fe deficiency and Cd toxicity in barley plants. Moreover, it appears that in Fe-deficient plants grown in the presence of Cd with limited S supply, sulphur may be preferentially employed in the pathway for biosynthesis of phytosiderophores, rather than for phytochelatin production.
AuthorsS Astolfi, S Zuchi, G Neumann, S Cesco, L Sanità di Toppi, R Pinton
JournalJournal of experimental botany (J Exp Bot) Vol. 63 Issue 3 Pg. 1241-50 (Feb 2012) ISSN: 1460-2431 [Electronic] England
PMID22090437 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
Chemical References
  • Cadmium
  • Sulfur
  • Phytochelatins
  • Iron
  • Glutathione
Topics
  • Cadmium (toxicity)
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Plant (drug effects)
  • Glutathione (metabolism)
  • Hordeum (drug effects, metabolism)
  • Iron (metabolism)
  • Phytochelatins (metabolism)
  • Sulfur (metabolism)

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