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Serum vitamin D level and prehypertension among subjects free of hypertension.

AbstractBACKGROUND:
Low serum vitamin D levels are associated with high blood pressure (BP). Prehypertension is a preclinical stage where primary prevention efforts have been recommended for delaying or preventing the onset of hypertension. However, the majority of studies examining the association between vitamin D and BP have not accounted for kidney function or systemic inflammation.
METHODS:
Participants of the 3rd National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey > 20 years of age and free of hypertension (n = 9,215, 53.5% women) and clinical cardiovascular disease were examined. Serum vitamin D levels were analyzed as quartiles. Prehypertension (n = 3,712) was defined as systolic BP 120-139 mm Hg or diastolic BP 80-89 mm Hg.
RESULTS:
Lower serum vitamin D levels were found to be associated with prehypertension independent of potential confounders including body mass index (BMI), serum cholesterol, C-reactive protein and estimated glomerular filtration rate. Compared to the highest quartile of serum vitamin D (referent), the odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of prehypertension associated with the lowest quartile was 1.48 (1.16-1.90; p trend < 0.0001). This association persisted in subgroup analyses by gender, race-ethnicity and BMI.
CONCLUSION:
Lower serum vitamin D levels are associated with prehypertension in a representative sample of US adults.
AuthorsCharumathi Sabanayagam, Anoop Shankar, Shanmugasundaram Somasundaram
JournalKidney & blood pressure research (Kidney Blood Press Res) Vol. 35 Issue 2 Pg. 106-13 ( 2012) ISSN: 1423-0143 [Electronic] Switzerland
PMID21934326 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
CopyrightCopyright © 2011 S. Karger AG, Basel.
Chemical References
  • Vitamin D
  • C-Reactive Protein
  • Cholesterol
Topics
  • Adult
  • Blood Pressure (physiology)
  • Body Mass Index
  • C-Reactive Protein (metabolism)
  • Cholesterol (blood)
  • Female
  • Glomerular Filtration Rate (physiology)
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Nutrition Surveys
  • Prehypertension (blood, epidemiology)
  • Prevalence
  • Risk Factors
  • Smoking (epidemiology)
  • Vitamin D (blood)
  • Vitamin D Deficiency (blood, epidemiology)

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