Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome after blood transfusion in a patient with end-stage renal disease.

Abstract

A 42-year-old female end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patient with reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome (RPLS) post-transfusion during initiation of hemodialysis is reported. Eleven days after the onset of illness, we diagnosed encephalopathy as a grand mal seizure resulting from diffuse cerebral edema. One reason for the delayed diagnosis was that her symptom, a throbbing headache that occurred during her first dialysis, indicated dialysis disequilibrium syndrome. We must bear in mind that a small amount of transfusion could cause RPLS even during the first dialysis. To our knowledge, this is the first case report on RPLS after blood transfusion in an ESRD patient.

• Authors: Yoshinori Sato, Makoto Hirose, Yoshihiko Inoue, Daisuke Komukai, Mamiko Takayasu, Eri Kawashima, Fumihiko Koiwa, Ashio Yoshimura
• Journal: Clinical and experimental nephrology (Clin Exp Nephrol) Vol. 15 Issue 6 Pg. 942-7 (Dec 2011) ISSN: 1437-7799 [Electronic] Japan
• PMID: 21898031 (Publication Type: Case Reports, Journal Article, Review)

Chemical References

• Glucocorticoids
• Glycerol
• Methylprednisolone

Topics

• Adult
• Anemia (etiology, therapy)
• Brain Edema (etiology)
• Cerebral Angiography (methods)
• Delayed Diagnosis
• Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging
• Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic (etiology)
• Female
• Glucocorticoids (therapeutic use)
• Glycerol (therapeutic use)
• Headache (etiology)
• Humans
• Kidney Failure, Chronic (complications, therapy)
• Methylprednisolone (therapeutic use)
• Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome (diagnosis, drug therapy, etiology)
• Renal Dialysis (adverse effects)
• Time Factors
• Tomography, X-Ray Computed
• Transfusion Reaction
• Treatment Outcome