Restoration of nerve agent inhibited muscle force production in human intercostal muscle strips with HI 6.

Abstract

An important factor for successful therapy of poisoning with organophosphorus compounds (OP) is the rapid restoration of blocked respiratory muscle function. To achieve this goal, oximes are administered for reactivation of inhibited acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Unfortunately, clinically used oximes, e.g. obidoxime and pralidoxime, are of limited effectiveness in poisoning with different OP nerve agents requiring the search for alternative oximes, e.g. HI 6. In view of substantial species differences regarding reactivation properties of oximes, the effect of HI 6 was investigated with sarin, tabun and soman exposed human intercostal muscle. Muscle force production by indirect field stimulation and the activity of the human muscle AChE was assessed. 30 μM HI 6 resulted in an almost complete recovery of sarin blocked muscle force and in an increase of completely inhibited muscle AChE activity to approx. 30% of control. In soman or tabun exposed human intercostal muscle HI 6 (50 and 100 μM) had no effect on blocked muscle force or on inhibited human muscle AChE activity. In addition, HI 6 up to 1000 μM had no effect on soman blocked muscle force indicating that this oxime has no direct, pharmacological effect in human tissue. These results emphasize that sufficient reactivation of AChE is necessary for a beneficial therapeutic effect on nerve agent blocked neuromuscular transmission.

• Authors: T Seeger, K V Niessen, P Langer, J Gerhardus, F Worek, H Friess, R Bumm, A L Mihaljevic, H Thiermann
• Journal: Toxicology letters (Toxicol Lett) Vol. 206 Issue 1 Pg. 72-6 (Sep 25 2011) ISSN: 1879-3169 [Electronic] Netherlands
• PMID: 21803135 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• Chemical Warfare Agents
• Cholinesterase Reactivators
• Organophosphates
• Oximes
• Pyridinium Compounds
• Soman
• Sarin
• Acetylcholinesterase
• asoxime chloride
• tabun

Topics

• Acetylcholinesterase (metabolism)
• Aged
• Chemical Warfare Agents (toxicity)
• Cholinesterase Reactivators (pharmacology)
• Electric Stimulation
• Humans
• In Vitro Techniques
• Intercostal Muscles (drug effects, enzymology)
• Muscle Strength (drug effects)
• Neuromuscular Junction (drug effects)
• Organophosphates (toxicity)
• Oximes (pharmacology)
• Pyridinium Compounds (pharmacology)
• Sarin (toxicity)
• Soman (toxicity)