Ligation of Fc gamma receptor IIB inhibits antibody-dependent enhancement of dengue virus infection.

Abstract

The interaction of antibodies, dengue virus (DENV), and monocytes can result in either immunity or enhanced virus infection. These opposing outcomes of dengue antibodies have hampered dengue vaccine development. Recent studies have shown that antibodies neutralize DENV by either preventing virus attachment to cellular receptors or inhibiting viral fusion intracellularly. However, whether the antibody blocks attachment or fusion, the resulting immune complexes are expected to be phagocytosed by Fc gamma receptor (FcγR)-bearing cells and cleared from circulation. This suggests that only antibodies that are able to block fusion intracellularly would be able to neutralize DENV upon FcγR-mediated uptake by monocytes whereas other antibodies would have resulted in enhancement of DENV replication. Using convalescent sera from dengue patients, we observed that neutralization of the homologous serotypes occurred despite FcγR-mediated uptake. However, FcγR-mediated uptake appeared to be inhibited when neutralized heterologous DENV serotypes were used instead. We demonstrate that this inhibition occurred through the formation of viral aggregates by antibodies in a concentration-dependent manner. Aggregation of viruses enabled antibodies to cross-link the inhibitory FcγRIIB, which is expressed at low levels but which inhibits FcγR-mediated phagocytosis and hence prevents antibody-dependent enhancement of DENV infection in monocytes.

• Authors: Kuan Rong Chan, Summer Li-Xin Zhang, Hwee Cheng Tan, Ying Kai Chan, Angelia Chow, Angeline Pei Chiew Lim, Subhash G Vasudevan, Brendon J Hanson, Eng Eong Ooi
• Journal: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A) Vol. 108 Issue 30 Pg. 12479-84 (Jul 26 2011) ISSN: 1091-6490 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 21746897 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Antibodies, Neutralizing
• Antibodies, Viral
• Antigen-Antibody Complex
• FCGR2B protein, human
• RNA, Small Interfering
• Receptors, IgG

Topics

• Antibodies, Neutralizing (blood)
• Antibodies, Viral (blood)
• Antigen-Antibody Complex (blood)
• Cell Line
• Dengue (immunology, virology)
• Dengue Virus (classification, immunology)
• Humans
• In Vitro Techniques
• Monocytes (immunology, virology)
• Phagocytosis
• RNA, Small Interfering (genetics)
• Receptors, IgG (antagonists & inhibitors, blood, genetics)
• Serotyping
• Transfection