An
anthelmintic efficacy trial was conducted in sheep harbouring
anthelmintic-resistant worms in Argentina. Seventy lambs were selected from a flock that had been grazed on pastures infected with trichostrongyles previously shown to be resistant to the main
anthelmintic groups. Lambs were allocated to comparable groups of ten animals each and treated with
trichlorphon (50 mg/kg
body weight (b.w.) orally);
naphthalophos (50 mg/kg b.w. orally);
ivermectin (0.2 mg/kg b.w. subcutaneously);
fenbendazole (5 mg/kg b.w. orally);
levamisole (8 mg/kg b.w. subcutaneously) and
closantel (10 mg/kg b.w. orally). There was also an untreated group. The dose selection was based on manufacturer's recommendations.Faecal samples were collected 0 and 10 days post treatment to estimate efficacy (faecal egg count reduction). Six animals from each group were necropsied at day 10 for enumeration/identification of worms from the abomasum, small and large intestines to determine the absolute efficacy of each agent (controlled efficacy test).
Trichlorphon and
naphthalophos were effective (> 99 %) against Haemonchus contortus (p < 0.05).
Naphthalophos also showed efficacy against Trichostrongylus axei (99.3 %), Teladorsagia circumcincta (97.8 %), Trichostrongylus colubriformis (99.2 %), Cooperia punctata/curticei/pectinata (90.4 %), Nematodirus spathiger (89.2 %) and Oesophagostomum venulosum/columbianum (93.7 %).
Fenbendazole and
levamisole showed efficacy (> 95 %) against all nematodes except T. colubriformis. The efficacy of
ivermectin was low against H. contortus (23 %) and Cooperia spp. (46.3 %).
Closantel showed low efficacy against T. axei (64.4 %), H. contortus (80.6 %) and T. colubriformis (59.5 %).When
anthelmintic resistance is widespread,
trichlorphon treatment is appropriate if H. contortus is present; however,
naphthalophos represents an effective therapeutic alternative for incorporation into worm control programmes.