Efficacy of Procox® oral suspension for dogs (0.1% emodepside and 2% toltrazuril) against experimental nematode (Toxocara cati and Ancylostoma tubaeforme) infections in cats.

Abstract

Two exploratory studies were performed to determine the optimum therapeutic dose of Procox(®) for the removal of experimental infection with mature adult Toxocara (T.) cati and Ancylostoma (A.) tubaeforme in kittens. Procox(®) is a new oral suspension containing a combination of the nematocidal and coccidiocidal active principles emodepside (0.1 %) and toltrazuril (2 %).In the first study, 18 eight-weeks-old kittens were inoculated with 450 L3 larvae of T. cati. 56 days after infection, the kittens were allocated to three treatment groups and were treated with 0.5 mg emodepside/kg body weight (group 1), 0.25 mg emodepside/kg body weight (group 2) and 0.1 mg emodepside/kg body weight (group 3), respectively. In the second study, 10 eight-weeks-old kittens were inoculated with 350 L3 larvae of A. tubaeforme. Four weeks after infection, the kittens were allocated to two treatment groups and were treated with 0.1 mg emodepside/kg body weight (group 1) or 0.25 mg emodepside/kg body weight (group 2). In both studies, all kittens received a reference treatment with Drontal(®) (230 mg pyrantel embonate and 20 mg praziquantel per tablet) at the recommended dose of one tablet/4 kg body weight 5 days after treatment with Procox(®). Anthelmintic efficacy was calculated by reduction in worm numbers expelled with the faeces following treatment with Procox(®) as compared with faecal worm numbers after reference treatment with Drontal(®), by thus avoiding necropsy of the animals.In the T. cati study, emodepside was at 99.9 %, 100 % and 96.5 % effective at a dosage of 0.5 mg, 0.25 mg and 0.1 mg per kg body weight, respectively. Against A. tubaeforme emodepside was at 95.7 % and 100 % effective at a dosage of 0.1 mg and 0.25 mg per kg body weight. No adverse events were seen during either study.It can be concluded that Procox(®) is efficacious for the control of mature adult T. cati and A. tubaeforme infections in cats at a single-dose rate of 0.25 mg emodepside/kg body weight.

• Authors: Gabriele Petry, Eva Kruedewagen, Thomas Bach, Nadine Gasda, Klemens J Krieger
• Journal: Parasitology research (Parasitol Res) Vol. 109 Suppl 1 Pg. S37-43 (Aug 2011) ISSN: 1432-1955 [Electronic] Germany
• PMID: 21739374 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Randomized Controlled Trial, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Antinematodal Agents
• Depsipeptides
• Drug Combinations
• Triazines
• toltrazuril
• emodepside

Topics

• Administration, Oral
• Ancylostoma (drug effects)
• Ancylostomiasis (drug therapy, parasitology, veterinary)
• Animals
• Antinematodal Agents (administration & dosage, therapeutic use)
• Cat Diseases (drug therapy, parasitology)
• Cats
• Depsipeptides (administration & dosage, therapeutic use)
• Drug Combinations
• Drug Evaluation
• Larva (drug effects, pathogenicity)
• Parasite Egg Count (veterinary)
• Toxocara (drug effects)
• Toxocariasis (drug therapy, parasitology)
• Triazines (administration & dosage, therapeutic use)