The health-promoting effects of fruit and vegetable consumption are thought to be due to
phytochemicals contained in fresh plant material. Whether processed plant foods provide the same benefits as unprocessed ones is an open question.
Melanoidins from heat-processed plums (prunes) were isolated and their presence confirmed by
hydroxymethylfurfural content and browning index. Oxidative-induced endothelial cell (EC) damage is the trigger for the development of
cardiovascular diseases (CVD); therefore the potential protective effect of prune
melanoidins on
hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative cell damage was investigated on human endothelial ECV304 cells. Cytoplasmic and mitochondrial redox status was assessed by using the novel, redox-sensitive, ratiometric fluorescent
protein sensor (roGFP), while mitochondrial membrane potential (
MMP) was investigated with the
fluorescent dye,
JC-1. Treatment of ECV304 cells with
hydrogen peroxide dose-dependently induced both mitochondrial and cytoplasmic oxidation, in addition to
MMP dissipation, with ensuing cell death. Pretreatment of ECV304 with prune
melanoidins, significantly counteracted and ultimately abolished
hydrogen peroxide elicited phenomena, clearly indicating that these
polymers protect human EC against oxidative stress.