Reduction of Sb(V) in a human macrophage cell line measured by HPLC-ICP-MS.

Abstract

Drugs based on pentavalent antimony are first-line treatment of the parasite disease leishmaniasis. It is generally believed that Sb(V) acts as a prodrug, which is activated by reduction to Sb(III); however, the site of reduction is not known. It has been hypothesised that the reduction takes place in the parasites' host cells, the macrophages. In this study, the human macrophage cell line Mono Mac 6 was exposed to Sb(V) in form of the drug sodium stibogluconate (Pentostam™). Cell extracts were analysed for Sb species by high-performance liquid chromatography with inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry detection. We found that Sb(V) is actually reduced to Sb(III) in the macrophages; up to 23% of the intracellular Sb was found as Sb(III). Transfer of the cells to Sb-free medium rapidly decreased their Sb(V) and Sb(III) content. Induction of the cell's production of reactive oxygen species did not have any marked effect on the intracellular amounts of Sb(III).

• Authors: Claus Hansen, Erik Wind Hansen, Helle Rüsz Hansen, Bente Gammelgaard, Stefan Stürup
• Journal: Biological trace element research (Biol Trace Elem Res) Vol. 144 Issue 1-3 Pg. 234-43 (Dec 2011) ISSN: 1559-0720 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 21618006 (Publication Type: Journal Article)

Chemical References

• Antiparasitic Agents
• Culture Media
• Reactive Oxygen Species
• Antimony
• Antimony Sodium Gluconate

Topics

• Antimony (analysis, metabolism)
• Antimony Sodium Gluconate (metabolism)
• Antiparasitic Agents (analysis, metabolism)
• Biotransformation
• Cell Line
• Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
• Chromatography, Ion Exchange
• Culture Media
• Humans
• Macrophages (chemistry, metabolism)
• Mass Spectrometry
• Oxidation-Reduction
• Reactive Oxygen Species (metabolism)
• Respiratory Burst (drug effects)