Breast cancer resistance
protein (BCRP/ABCG2) confers resistance to anticancer drugs such as
7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin (
SN-38, an active metabolite of
irinotecan),
mitoxantrone, and
topotecan. In this study, we examined the reversing effects of
YHO-13177, a novel
acrylonitrile derivative, and its water-soluble diethylaminoacetate
prodrug YHO-13351 on the BCRP-mediated drug resistance.
YHO-13177 potentiated the cytotoxicity of
SN-38,
mitoxantrone, and
topotecan in both BCRP-transduced human
colon cancer HCT116 (HCT116/BCRP) cells and SN-38-resistant human
lung cancer A549 (A549/SN4) cells that express BCRP, but had little effect in the parental cells. In addition,
YHO-13177 potentiated the cytotoxicity of
SN-38 in human
lung cancer NCI-H460 and NCI-H23, myeloma RPMI-8226, and
pancreatic cancer AsPC-1 cells that intrinsically expressed BCRP. In contrast, it had no effect on
P-glycoprotein-mediated
paclitaxel resistance in MDR1-transduced human
leukemia K562 cells and multidrug resistance-related
protein 1-mediated
doxorubicin resistance in MRP1-transfected human epidermoid
cancer KB-3-1 cells.
YHO-13177 increased the intracellular accumulation of
Hoechst 33342, a substrate of BCRP, at 30 minutes and partially suppressed the expression of BCRP
protein at more than 24 hours after its treatment in both HCT116/BCRP and A549/SN4 cells. In mice,
YHO-13351 was rapidly converted into
YHO-13177 after its oral or
intravenous administration. Coadministration of
irinotecan with
YHO-13351 significantly increased the survival time of mice inoculated with BCRP-transduced murine
leukemia P388 cells and suppressed the
tumor growth in an HCT116/BCRP xenograft model, whereas
irinotecan alone had little effect in these
tumor models. These findings suggest that
YHO-13351, a
prodrug of
YHO-13177, could be clinically useful for reversing BCRP-mediated drug resistance in
cancer chemotherapy.