Abstract | BACKGROUND: QUESTIONS/PURPOSES: We discuss the minimum threshold for the 25-hydroxyvitamin D level to guarantee optimal health, why vitamin is D critical to musculoskeletal and extraskeletal functions, and new evidence for the success of prevention measures such as food fortification. METHODS: We searched PubMed, Google Scholar, and reference lists of articles using several keywords. The most recent search was in February 2011. RESULTS: While the use of parathyroid hormone as a surrogate measure did not lead to a consensus concerning the required 25-hydroxyvitamin D serum level, the combined analysis of bone mineralization and vitamin D status has established minimum levels of more than 75 nmol/ L (30 ng/mL) to guarantee at least skeletal health. An effective measure to approach this status is food fortification, which has been demonstrated by countries such as Canada, the United States, and Finland. CONCLUSIONS: Given the health economic implications of failure to maintain a balanced vitamin D status, action is recommended to integrate current scientific knowledge on vitamin D into physicians' treatment of patients and governmental policies on food fortification.
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Authors | Christoph von Domarus, Jonathan Brown, Florian Barvencik, Michael Amling, Pia Pogoda |
Journal | Clinical orthopaedics and related research
(Clin Orthop Relat Res)
Vol. 469
Issue 11
Pg. 3127-33
(Nov 2011)
ISSN: 1528-1132 [Electronic] United States |
PMID | 21448774
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
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Chemical References |
- Vitamin D
- 25-hydroxyvitamin D
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Topics |
- Bone and Bones
(drug effects, physiology)
- Humans
- Osteoporosis
(drug therapy, etiology, prevention & control)
- Vitamin D
(analogs & derivatives, blood, therapeutic use)
- Vitamin D Deficiency
(blood, complications, prevention & control)
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