Cytotoxic effect and its mechanism of dioscorealide B from Dioscorea membranacea against breast cancer cells.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Dioscorealide B is an active compound from the rhizome of Dioscorea membranacea Pierre which locally known as "Hua-Khao-Yen". This medicinal plant has long been used in the anticancer prescription of Thai traditional medicine.

OBJECTIVE:

To examine the cytotoxic effect and mechanism of Dioscorealide B in human breast carcinoma cells.

MATERIAL AND METHOD:

Dioscorealide B was isolated from the rhizome of Hua KhaoYen (Dioscorea membranacea).The cytotoxicity of Dioscorealide B was evaluated in two human breast cancer cell lines, MCF-7 and MDA-MB 468 by Sulphorhodamine B (SRB) assay. RT-PCR and Caspase-Glo assay were used to further elucidate its cytotoxic mechanism.

RESULTS:

Dioscorealide B showed cytotoxic effect on MCF-7 (IC50 = 2.76 microM) and MDA-MB 468 (IC50 = 9.93 microM). The mRNA level for p53, p21 and Bax were increased while Bcl-2 was decreased after the treatment. MCF-7 treated with Dioscorealide B showed the induction of apoptosis via the activation of caspase-9 and -7.

CONCLUSION:

The results suggested that the mechanisms of Dioscorealide B might be involved in p53 and the intrinsic apoptotic pathway.

• Authors: Jiraporn Saekoo, Chavaboon Dechsukum, Potchanapond Graidist, Arunporn Itharat
• Journal: Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand = Chotmaihet thangphaet (J Med Assoc Thai) Vol. 93 Suppl 7 Pg. S277-82 (Dec 2010) ISSN: 0125-2208 [Print] Thailand
• PMID: 21294426 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings
• Plant Extracts
• dioscorealide B

Topics

• Apoptosis (drug effects)
• Breast Neoplasms (drug therapy, pathology)
• Cell Line, Tumor (drug effects)
• Dioscorea (chemistry)
• Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings (pharmacology, toxicity)
• Humans
• Inhibitory Concentration 50
• Plant Extracts (pharmacology)
• Plants, Medicinal
• Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
• Rhizome (chemistry)
• Thailand