The structure of NSD1 reveals an autoregulatory mechanism underlying histone H3K36 methylation.

Abstract	The Sotos syndrome gene product, NSD1, is a SET domain histone methyltransferase that primarily dimethylates nucleosomal histone H3 lysine 36 (H3K36). To date, the intrinsic properties of NSD1 that determine its nucleosomal substrate selectivity and dimethyl H3K36 product specificity remain unknown. The 1.7 Å structure of the catalytic domain of NSD1 presented here shows that a regulatory loop adopts a conformation that prevents free access of H3K36 to the bound S-adenosyl-L-methionine. Molecular dynamics simulation and computational docking revealed that this normally inhibitory loop can adopt an active conformation, allowing H3K36 access to the active site, and that the nucleosome may stabilize the active conformation of the regulatory loop. Hence, our study reveals an autoregulatory mechanism of NSD1 and provides insight into the molecular mechanism of the nucleosomal substrate selectivity of this disease-related H3K36 methyltransferase.
Authors	Qi Qiao, Yan Li, Zhi Chen, Mingzhu Wang, Danny Reinberg, Rui-Ming Xu
Journal	The Journal of biological chemistry (J Biol Chem) Vol. 286 Issue 10 Pg. 8361-8368 (Mar 11 2011) ISSN: 1083-351X [Electronic] United States
PMID	21196496 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
Chemical References	Histones Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins Nuclear Proteins Histone Methyltransferases Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase NSD1 protein, human
Topics	Computer Simulation Crystallography, X-Ray Histone Methyltransferases Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase (chemistry, genetics, metabolism) Histones (chemistry, genetics, metabolism) Humans Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins (chemistry, genetics, metabolism) Methylation Models, Molecular Nuclear Proteins (chemistry, genetics, metabolism) Protein Structure, Secondary Protein Structure, Tertiary Sotos Syndrome (genetics, metabolism) Structure-Activity Relationship

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