Presenting features and treatment outcome of acute promyelocytic leukemia arising after multiple sclerosis.

Abstract

We report the clinical features and treatment outcome of 33 patients with multiple sclerosis who developed acute promyelocytic leukemia. Thirty patients were previously exposed to mitoxantrone. The median latency period between treatment initiation and acute promyelocytic leukemia diagnosis was 32 months. The PML-RARA bcr1 iso-form was identified in 87% of cases. Twenty-nine (90%) patients achieved hematologic remission after all-trans retinoic acid and chemotherapy (n = 31) or arsenic trioxide and all-trans retinoic acid. Consolidation included modified chemotherapy or arsenic trioxide. At a median follow up of 26 months, 23 patients are in complete remission, 4 relapsed and one developed secondary leukemia. The 5-year cumulative incidence of relapse and overall survival were 23% and 68%, respectively. Although treatment heterogeneity and suboptimal post-remission therapy must be taken into account, overall results and development of secondary leukemia in one patient suggest that effective and less toxic agents like arsenic trioxide warrants further investigation in this context.

• Authors: Emanuele Ammatuna, Pau Montesinos, Syed Khizer Hasan, Safaa M Ramadan, Jordi Esteve, Maximillian Hubmann, Maria Pagoni, David Grimwade, Miguel Angel Sanz, Francesco Lo-Coco
• Journal: Haematologica (Haematologica) Vol. 96 Issue 4 Pg. 621-5 (Apr 2011) ISSN: 1592-8721 [Electronic] Italy
• PMID: 21193421 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Antineoplastic Agents

Topics

• Adult
• Aged
• Antineoplastic Agents (adverse effects, therapeutic use)
• Female
• Humans
• Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute (complications, drug therapy)
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Multiple Sclerosis (complications, drug therapy)
• Survival Analysis
• Treatment Outcome
• Young Adult