Acarbose actions on insulin resistance and inflammatory parameters during an oral fat load.

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of acarbose on inflammatory biomarkers and insulin resistance in diabetic patients before and after a standardized oral fat load (OFL). Ninety six patients were assigned to take acarbose 50mg three times a day and 92 to take placebo; after the first month acarbose was titrated to 100mg three times a day. We evaluated the following parameters at the baseline, and after 1, 2 and 7months: body mass index (BMI), glycemic control, fasting plasma insulin, post-prandial plasma insulin, homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR), blood pressure, lipid profile, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), high-sensitivity C reactive protein (Hs-CRP), soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1), and soluble E-selectin (sE-selectin). Furthermore, at the baseline and at the end of the study all patients underwent OFL, and an euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp to evaluate M value and total glucose requirement. Acarbose was better than placebo in improving glycemic and lipid profile, and HOMA-IR. Furthermore, acarbose gave a decrease of fasting plasma insulin, post-prandial insulin, s-ICAM-1, sVCAM-1, IL-6, and Hs-CRP, not observed with placebo, even if no significant differences between the two groups were observed. During the second OFL performed after the therapy with acarbose, we observed a significant decrease of all inflammatory parameters' peaks compared to the OFL administered at baseline. Acarbose was more effective than acarbose in reducing the post-OFL peaks of the various parameters included the inflammatory markers, after 7months of therapy.

• Authors: Giuseppe Derosa, Pamela Maffioli, Ilaria Ferrari, Elena Fogari, Angela D'Angelo, Ilaria Palumbo, Sabrina Randazzo, Lucio Bianchi, Arrigo F G Cicero
• Journal: European journal of pharmacology (Eur J Pharmacol) Vol. 651 Issue 1-3 Pg. 240-50 (Jan 25 2011) ISSN: 1879-0712 [Electronic] Netherlands
• PMID: 21118681 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Multicenter Study, Randomized Controlled Trial)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Chemical References

• Blood Glucose
• Dietary Fats
• Hypoglycemic Agents
• Acarbose

Topics

• Acarbose (pharmacology, therapeutic use)
• Blood Glucose (metabolism)
• Blood Pressure (drug effects)
• Body Mass Index
• Body Weight (drug effects)
• Dietary Fats (pharmacology)
• Female
• Humans
• Hypoglycemic Agents (pharmacology, therapeutic use)
• Inflammation (blood, drug therapy, metabolism, physiopathology)
• Insulin Resistance (physiology)
• Lipid Metabolism (drug effects)
• Male
• Middle Aged