Differential expression of MSX2 in nodular hyperplasia, high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia and prostate adenocarcinoma.

Abstract

One of the common features in advanced prostate cancer is bone metastasis. In this study, we investigated the clinical relevance of a bone factor, MSX2, in predicting the metastatic ability of prostate adenocarcinoma. Evaluation of MSX2 expression was performed using prostate cell lines as well as patient specimens. A sharp decrease in MSX2 was found in primary prostate cancer cells, 22Rv1, when compared with the non-malignant counterparts, followed by a gradual increase in more aggressive prostate cancer cell lines. Interestingly, the MSX2 protein was upregulated and predominantly expressed in the nucleus in aggressive prostate cancer cell line, C4-2b, compared with the less aggressive 22Rv1. Consistent with the in vitro results, MSX2 nuclear expression was significantly higher in nodular hyperplasia when compared with high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN), while MSX2 nuclear expression in prostate adenocarcinoma was higher than that in high-grade PIN. Importantly, MSX2 expression was increased significantly in tumors with metastasis compared with those without metastasis. Finally, MSX2 nuclear scores were significantly increased in patients with preoperative serum PSA >20 ng/mL. No correlation between MSX2 nuclear score and Gleason score was found. Taken together, MSX2 may serve as a potential biomarker in predicting primary prostate tumors with higher metastatic capability.

• Authors: Chee-Wai Chua, Yung-Tuen Chiu, Hiu-Fung Yuen, Kwok-Wah Chan, Xianghong Wang, Ming-Tat Ling, Yong-Chuan Wong
• Journal: APMIS : acta pathologica, microbiologica, et immunologica Scandinavica (APMIS) Vol. 118 Issue 12 Pg. 918-26 (Dec 2010) ISSN: 1600-0463 [Electronic] Denmark
• PMID: 21091772 (Publication Type: Comparative Study, Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: © 2010 The Authors. Journal Compilation © 2010 APMIS.

Chemical References

• Homeodomain Proteins
• MSX2 protein

Topics

• Adenocarcinoma (metabolism)
• Aged
• Aged, 80 and over
• Blotting, Western
• Cell Line, Tumor
• Cohort Studies
• Homeodomain Proteins (biosynthesis, metabolism)
• Humans
• Immunohistochemistry
• Kaplan-Meier Estimate
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Prostatic Hyperplasia (metabolism)
• Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia (metabolism)
• Prostatic Neoplasms (metabolism)
• ROC Curve
• Retrospective Studies
• Tissue Array Analysis