Survival outcomes for men with mediastinal germ-cell tumors: the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center experience.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:

Primary mediastinal germ-cell tumors are rare, and the effect of newer drugs and treatment strategies in this disease on overall survival is not known. We retrospectively assessed treatment outcomes at a single institution.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

We identified men seen at our institution from 1998 through 2005 for mediastinal germ-cell tumors. Medical records were reviewed for patient characteristics, histology, tumor markers, treatment, and survival outcome.

RESULTS:

Thirty-four patients met study criteria, of whom 27 had nonseminomatous germ-cell tumor (NSGCT) and 7 had pure seminoma. Eleven patients (41%) with NSGCT were alive at last contact with a median overall survival time of 33.5 months. Among 13 patients with NSGCT referred to us at initial diagnosis, 7 (54%) were alive and recurrence-free at a median follow-up of 56.5 months. Progression-free survival was associated with absence of risk factors (any histology other than endodermal sinus tumor, β-hCG > 1000 mIU/mL, or disease outside the mediastinum). For the patients whose disease progressed (n = 5) or who had been referred to us for salvage treatment (n = 14), the 3-year overall survival from the date of first progression was 23%. Conversely, patients with seminoma did uniformly well with platinum-based chemotherapy; most did not undergo radiation or surgery.

CONCLUSION:

Chemotherapy given to maximum effect followed by surgical consolidation resulted in long-term progression-free survival for 54% of patients with mediastinal NSGCT. The number of risk factors present at diagnosis may be associated with survival outcome and should be studied in a larger test group.

• Authors: Alan J Rodney, Nizar M Tannir, Arlene O Siefker-Radtke, Ping Liu, Garrett L Walsh, Randall E Millikan, Stephen G Swisher, Shi-Ming Tu, Lance C Pagliaro
• Journal: Urologic oncology (Urol Oncol) 2012 Nov-Dec Vol. 30 Issue 6 Pg. 879-85 ISSN: 1873-2496 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 20933444 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural)
• Copyright: Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Topics

• Adolescent
• Adult
• Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols (therapeutic use)
• Combined Modality Therapy
• Disease-Free Survival
• Humans
• Kaplan-Meier Estimate
• Male
• Mediastinal Neoplasms (mortality, pathology, therapy)
• Middle Aged
• Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal (mortality, pathology, therapy)
• Texas
• Young Adult