Complications of the treatment of endoscopic biliary strictures developing after liver transplantation.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Bile duct strictures remain a major source of morbidity after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). Endoscopic management by the conventional methods of biliary dilatation and/or stent placement has been successful, but sometimes severe complications occur, necessitating prolonged therapy. The aim of this study is to clarify the complications of the endoscopic approach for endoscopic dilatation and/or stent placement.

METHOD:

Of 46 patients who underwent living-donor liver transplantation, 10 were diagnosed as having anatomic biliary strictures by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Two patients developing biliary strictures after deceased-donor liver transplantation were also enrolled in the study. For the purpose of comparison, 302 patients with a total of 550 consecutive ERCP cases (including 115 patients with 250 malignant bile duct strictures) were recruited in this study. Success rate, number of endoscopy sessions, the median procedure time for ERCP, and incidence of complications including post-ERCP pancreatitis were compared in the OLT cases and other cases.

RESULTS:

The following results were obtained in the OLT cases, malignant stricture cases, and all cases, respectively: mean number of endoscopy sessions was 3.62, 2.17, and 1.94 (P = 0.0216, P < 0.0001); post-ERCP pancreatitis occurred in 5 (12.5%), 10 (4.0%), and 19 cases (3.5%) (P = 0.0327, P = 0.0093); and severe pancreatitis occurred in 2 cases of OLT. In a univariate analysis for post-ERCP pancreatitis, OLT was extracted as the only significant risk factor.

CONCLUSIONS:

Endoscopic maneuvering for biliary dilatation and/or stent placement following OLT was associated with a higher risk of post-ERCP pancreatitis than the use of the same technique for the treatment of malignant biliary stricture. Endoscopic treatment after OLT was a significant risk factor for post-ERCP pancreatitis.

• Authors: Noritoshi Kobayashi, Kensuke Kubota, Takeshi Shimamura, Seitaro Watanabe, Shingo Kato, Kaori Suzuki, Takashi Uchiyama, Shin Maeda, Kazuhisa Takeda, Atsushi Nakajima, Itaru Endo
• Journal: Journal of hepato-biliary-pancreatic sciences (J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci) Vol. 18 Issue 2 Pg. 202-10 (Mar 2011) ISSN: 1868-6982 [Electronic] Japan
• PMID: 20924767 (Publication Type: Comparative Study, Journal Article)

Topics

• Adolescent
• Adult
• Anastomosis, Surgical (adverse effects)
• Bile Duct Diseases (diagnosis, etiology, therapy)
• Catheterization (adverse effects)
• Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde
• Constriction, Pathologic (diagnosis, etiology, therapy)
• Diagnosis, Differential
• Endoscopy, Digestive System (adverse effects, methods)
• Female
• Follow-Up Studies
• Humans
• Liver Transplantation (adverse effects)
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Postoperative Complications
• Retrospective Studies
• Treatment Failure
• Young Adult