Abstract |
Café-au-lait, also referred to as café-au-lait spots or café-au-lait macules, present as well-circumscribed, evenly pigmented macules and patches that range in size from 1 to 2 mm to greater than 20 cm in greatest diameter. Café-au-lait are common in children. Although most café-au-lait present as 1 or 2 spots in an otherwise healthy child, the presence of multiple café-au-lait, large segmental café-au-lait, associated facial dysmorphism, other cutaneous anomalies, or unusual findings on physical examination should suggest the possibility of an associated syndrome. While neurofibromatosis type 1 is the most common syndrome seen in children with multiple café-au-lait, other syndromes associated with one or more café-au-lait include McCune-Albright syndrome, Legius syndrome, Noonan syndrome and other neuro-cardio-facialcutaneous syndromes, ring chromosome syndromes, and constitutional mismatch repair deficiency syndrome.
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Authors | Kara N Shah |
Journal | Pediatric clinics of North America
(Pediatr Clin North Am)
Vol. 57
Issue 5
Pg. 1131-53
(Oct 2010)
ISSN: 1557-8240 [Electronic] United States |
PMID | 20888463
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Review)
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Copyright | Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. |
Topics |
- Cafe-au-Lait Spots
(complications, diagnosis, pathology)
- Child
- Child Welfare
- Diagnosis, Differential
- Humans
- Hyperpigmentation
(complications, diagnosis)
- Infant
- Infant, Newborn
- Neurofibromatosis 1
(diagnosis)
- Nevus, Pigmented
(diagnosis)
- Risk Factors
- Skin
(pathology)
- Skin Abnormalities
(complications, diagnosis, pathology)
- Syndrome
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