Pyridoxal-5'-phosphate phosphatase/chronophin induces astroglial apoptosis via actin-depolymerizing factor/cofilin system in the rat brain following status epilepticus.

Abstract	Actin-depolymerizing factor (ADF)/cofilin is a small cytoskeletal protein that is a stimulus-responsive mediator of actin dynamics. ADF/cofilin also translocates into mitochondria and nuclei in response to apoptotic stimuli for cytochrome c release. These ADF/cofilin translocations are negatively regulated by phosphorylation. Recently, it has been reported that pyridoxal-5'-phosphate (PLP) phosphatase/chronophin (PLPP/CIN) regulates phosphorylation of ADF/cofilin levels. Therefore, we investigated whether PLPP/CIN contributes to apoptosis-like events via modulation of ADF/cofilin phosphorylation following status epilepticus (SE). In the present study, apoptosis-like astroglial damages were detected in the dentate gyrus after SE. Upregulation of ADF/cofilin and PLPP/CIN expression in the cytoplasm and nucleus were accompanied by apoptosis-like events. PLPP/CIN level showed a direct proportionality to nuclear translocation of ADF/cofilin. Moreover, nuclear accumulation of apoptosis-inducing factor was simultaneously observed with that of ADF/cofilin. Tat-PLPP/CIN pretreatment accelerated astroglial apoptosis-like degeneration following SE, although Tat-PLPP/CIN transduction alone could not induce apoptosis or necrosis in astrocytes. Therefore, our findings suggest that nuclear accumulation of ADF/cofilin itself may not induce apoptogenic events, but may play a synergic role in apoptosis-like astroglial loss following SE.
Authors	Ji-Eun Kim, Hea Jin Ryu, Min-Ju Kim, Dae-Won Kim, Oh-Shin Kwon, Soo Young Choi, Tae-Cheon Kang
Journal	Glia (Glia) Vol. 58 Issue 16 Pg. 1937-48 (Dec 2010) ISSN: 1098-1136 [Electronic] United States
PMID	20737471 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
Chemical References	Actin Depolymerizing Factors pyridoxal-5-phosphatase Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases
Topics	Actin Depolymerizing Factors (metabolism) Animals Apoptosis (physiology) Astrocytes (enzymology, pathology) Cell Nucleus (metabolism) Cytoplasm (metabolism) Dentate Gyrus (metabolism, pathology) Male Mitochondria (metabolism) Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases (genetics, metabolism) Rats Rats, Sprague-Dawley Status Epilepticus (metabolism, pathology)

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