Oxidative stress and airway inflammation after allergen challenge evaluated by exhaled breath condensate analysis.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Allergen exposure may increase airway oxidative stress, which causes lipid membrane peroxidation and an increased formation of 8-isoprostane.

OBJECTIVE:

The aim of the study was to investigate oxidative stress induced by allergen challenge in mild asthmatics, by measuring 8-isoprostane in exhaled breath condensate (EBC), and to examine their relationship with mediators derived from arachidonic acid. Methods 8-isoprostane, cysteinyl leukotrienes (cys-LTs) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE(2) ) concentrations in EBC were measured at baseline and after allergen challenge in 12 patients with mild allergic asthma sensitized to cat allergen.

RESULTS:

At 24 h after allergen challenge, compared with baseline values, EBC 8-isoprostane increased [48.64 pg/mL (44.14-53.61) vs. 21.56 pg/mL (19.92, 23.35), P<0.001], cys-LTs increased [27.37 pg/mL (24.09-31.10) vs. 13.28 pg/mL (11.32, 15.57), P<0.001] and PGE(2) decreased [18.69 pg/mL (12.26, 28.50) vs. 39.95 pg/mL (34.37, 46.43), P<0.001]. The trend of increasing 8-isoprostane after allergen challenge was significantly correlated with the trend of increasing cys-LTs (R(2) =0.85, P<0.001) whereas the trend of decreasing PGE(2) after allergen challenge was significantly correlated with the trend of increasing cys-LTs (R(2) =0.52, P=0.001).

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE:

The increase in EBC 8-isoprostane observed after allergen challenge indicates that allergen exposure increases airway oxidative stress in allergic asthma. The strict correlation between cys-LTs and 8-isoprostane underlines the relationship between allergic inflammation and oxidative stress. A shift of arachidonic acid metabolism towards lipoxygenase pathway is induced by the allergen challenge. Airway oxidative stress occurs after allergen challenge even in patients with mild intermittent allergic asthma.

• Authors: L Brussino, I Badiu, S Sciascia, M Bugiani, E Heffler, G Guida, A Malinovschi, C Bucca, G Rolla
• Journal: Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology (Clin Exp Allergy) Vol. 40 Issue 11 Pg. 1642-7 (Nov 2010) ISSN: 1365-2222 [Electronic] England
• PMID: 20726860 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
• Copyright: © 2010 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

Chemical References

• Allergens
• Biomarkers
• Leukotrienes
• 8-epi-prostaglandin F2alpha
• Nitric Oxide
• Dinoprost
• Dinoprostone

Topics

• Administration, Inhalation
• Adult
• Allergens (administration & dosage)
• Animals
• Asthma (diagnosis, immunology, metabolism, physiopathology)
• Biomarkers (metabolism)
• Breath Tests
• Case-Control Studies
• Cats
• Dinoprost (analogs & derivatives, metabolism)
• Dinoprostone (metabolism)
• Exhalation
• Female
• Forced Expiratory Volume
• Humans
• Leukotrienes (metabolism)
• Lipid Peroxidation
• Lung (immunology, metabolism, physiopathology)
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Nitric Oxide (metabolism)
• Oxidative Stress
• Severity of Illness Index
• Time Factors
• Young Adult