Comparative study of the efficacy of liposomal amphotericin B and amphotericin B deoxycholate against six species of Zygomycetes in a murine lethal infection model.

Abstract

The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of liposomal amphotericin B (L-AMB) at a clinical dose (3 mg/kg) against six species (5 genera) of Zygomycetes in a murine lethal infection model, and to compare findings with those for deoxycholate amphotericin B (D-AMB). The correlation between in-vitro activity and in-vivo efficacy of L-AMB was also investigated. Cyclophosphamide-treated mice were inoculated intravenously with conidial suspensions. Four hours or 1 day after inoculation, a single dose of L-AMB or D-AMB was administered intravenously. The number of mice that survived for 14 days was recorded. L-AMB at a dose of at least ≥1 mg/kg significantly prolonged the survival time of infected mice compared with the control group. The ED₅₀ of L-AMB was nearly equivalent to that of D-AMB, except for the treatment initiated on day 1 in the Rhizopus oryzae model. At the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of each agent, survival percentages with L-AMB (10 mg/kg) were equal to or higher than those with D-AMB (1 mg/kg). The ED₅₀ of L-AMB decreased as the MIC against the infecting strain decreased. In conclusion, L-AMB was effective at a clinical dosage, and at the MTD the efficacy of L-AMB was equal or superior to that of D-AMB in a murine model of disseminated zygomycosis. The in-vivo activity of L-AMB was correlated with its in-vitro activity.

• Authors: Koji Takemoto, Yutaka Yamamoto, Katsunori Kanazawa
• Journal: Journal of infection and chemotherapy : official journal of the Japan Society of Chemotherapy (J Infect Chemother) Vol. 16 Issue 6 Pg. 388-95 (Dec 2010) ISSN: 1437-7780 [Electronic] Netherlands
• PMID: 20535522 (Publication Type: Comparative Study, Journal Article)

Chemical References

• Antifungal Agents
• Drug Combinations
• liposomal amphotericin B
• Deoxycholic Acid
• Amphotericin B
• amphotericin B, deoxycholate drug combination

Topics

• Amphotericin B (administration & dosage, pharmacology, therapeutic use)
• Animals
• Antifungal Agents (administration & dosage, pharmacology, therapeutic use)
• Deoxycholic Acid (administration & dosage, pharmacology, therapeutic use)
• Disease Models, Animal
• Drug Combinations
• Humans
• Male
• Mice
• Microbial Sensitivity Tests
• Mucorales (classification, drug effects)
• Mucormycosis (drug therapy, microbiology, mortality)
• Species Specificity
• Survival Rate
• Treatment Outcome