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Botulinum toxin in the treatment of diffuse esophageal spasm.

Abstract
Diffuse esophageal spasm is a primary esophageal motility disorder. The prevalence is 3-10% in patients with dysphagia and treatment options are limited. This review summarizes the treatment of diffuse esophageal spasm, including pharmacotherapy, endoscopic treatment, and surgical treatment with a special focus on botulinum toxin injection. A PubMed search was performed to identify the literature using the search items diffuse esophageal spasm and treatment. Pharmacotherapy with smooth muscle relaxants, proton pump inhibitors, and antidepressants was suggested from small case series and uncontrolled clinical trials. Endoscopic injection of botulinum toxin is a well-studied treatment option and results in good symptomatic benefit in patients with diffuse esophageal spasm. Surgical treatment was reported in patients with very severe symptoms refractory to pharmacologic treatment. This article summarizes the present knowledge on the treatment of diffuse esophageal spasm with a special emphasis on botulinum toxin injection. Endoscopic injection of botulinum toxin is presently the best studied treatment option but many questions remain unanswered.
AuthorsM Bashashati, C Andrews, S Ghosh, M Storr
JournalDiseases of the esophagus : official journal of the International Society for Diseases of the Esophagus (Dis Esophagus) Vol. 23 Issue 7 Pg. 554-60 (Sep 2010) ISSN: 1442-2050 [Electronic] United States
PMID20459446 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Review)
Copyright© 2010 Copyright the Authors. Journal compilation © 2010, Wiley Periodicals, Inc. and the International Society for Diseases of the Esophagus.
Chemical References
  • Anti-Dyskinesia Agents
  • Botulinum Toxins
Topics
  • Anti-Dyskinesia Agents (therapeutic use)
  • Botulinum Toxins (therapeutic use)
  • Esophageal Spasm, Diffuse (diagnosis, drug therapy, physiopathology)
  • Esophagoscopy
  • Humans

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