Use of oseltamivir in the treatment of canine parvoviral enteritis.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:

To determine if oseltamivir with standard therapy for canine parvoviral enteritis ameliorates disease morbidity, mortality, or both; to document significant adverse effects associated with its use.

DESIGN:

Prospective, randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial.

SETTING:

University veterinary teaching hospital.

ANIMALS:

Thirty-five dogs.

INTERVENTIONS:

Standard therapy was administered to all dogs. Treatment dogs also received oseltamivir, while control dogs received an equivalent volume of placebo.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:

Dogs were monitored daily according to a clinical scoring system, physical parameters, and diagnostic evaluations. Dogs in the treatment group gained a significant percentage of weight during hospitalization (mean, +2.6%; SD, 7.1%) versus the control dogs (mean, -4.5%; SD, 6.9%) (P=0.006). Treatment dogs did not have any significant changes in their white blood cell (WBC) count, while control dogs experienced a significant drop in their WBC counts during their initial stay. In addition, it did not appear that oseltamivir use was associated with any major adverse clinical effects.

CONCLUSIONS:

While a clear advantage to the use of oseltamivir was not established, a significant weight loss during hospitalization, as well as a significant decrease in WBC count were documented in the control group. No major adverse effects were identified that could be associated with oseltamivir administration. Based on these results, the true role of oseltamivir in the treatment of parvoviral enteritis remains speculative, although it is believed that further investigation is warranted.

• Authors: Michelle R Savigny, Douglass K Macintire
• Journal: Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care (San Antonio, Tex. : 2001) (J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio)) Vol. 20 Issue 1 Pg. 132-42 (Feb 2010) ISSN: 1476-4431 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 20230441 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Randomized Controlled Trial, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Antiviral Agents
• Oseltamivir

Topics

• Animals
• Antiviral Agents (adverse effects, therapeutic use)
• Dog Diseases (drug therapy, mortality)
• Dogs
• Enteritis (drug therapy, mortality, veterinary)
• Female
• Leukocyte Count (veterinary)
• Male
• Oseltamivir (adverse effects, therapeutic use)
• Parvoviridae Infections (drug therapy, mortality, veterinary)
• Parvovirus, Canine (drug effects)
• Prospective Studies
• Treatment Outcome
• Weight Loss