Improved survival time with combined early blood transfusion and fluid administration in uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock in rats.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:

To test whether early blood administration combined with crystalloid solution infusion may prolong survival in a clinically relevant model of ongoing uncontrolled life-threatening hemorrhage.

METHODS:

Light anesthesia was induced with halothane in 24 rats, and spontaneous breathing was maintained. Uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock was induced by withdrawal of blood at 2.5 mL/100 g over a 15-minute period, followed by 75% tail amputation. At 10 minutes after tail cutting, rats were randomized into four groups (n = 6 each): group 1, receiving 3 mL of shed blood for 5 minutes followed by 9 mL of lactated Ringer's (LR) solution for 15 minutes; group 2, receiving 9 mL of LR solution for 15 minutes followed by 3 mL of shed blood for 5 minutes; group 3, receiving 9 mL of LR solution only for 15 minutes; group 4, receiving neither of shed blood nor LR solution. Rats were then observed until death or a maximum of 180 minutes.

RESULT:

Mean survival time was 138 +/- 30 minutes, 108 +/- 22 minutes, 79 +/- 13 minutes, and 55 +/- 18 minutes for groups 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively (p < 0.05 among the four groups). Additional blood loss from the tail stump did not differ significantly between the three treatment groups.

CONCLUSIONS:

In a model of uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock in rats, a resuscitation regimen using crystalloids agent alone is not ideal, and even a brief delay in blood administration worsens survival. Early blood administration combined with crystalloid solution infusion seems ideal.

• Authors: Akira Takasu, Yusuke Minagawa, Satoshi Ando, Yorihiro Yamamoto, Toshihisa Sakamoto
• Journal: The Journal of trauma (J Trauma) Vol. 68 Issue 2 Pg. 312-6 (Feb 2010) ISSN: 1529-8809 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 20154543 (Publication Type: Journal Article)

Chemical References

• Isotonic Solutions
• Ringer's Lactate
• Saline Solution, Hypertonic

Topics

• Animals
• Blood Pressure
• Blood Transfusion
• Disease Models, Animal
• Fluid Therapy (methods)
• Heart Rate
• Hematocrit
• Infusions, Intravenous
• Isotonic Solutions (administration & dosage)
• Male
• Rats
• Rats, Sprague-Dawley
• Ringer's Lactate
• Saline Solution, Hypertonic (administration & dosage)
• Shock, Hemorrhagic (mortality, physiopathology)
• Time Factors