Sekiguchi lesion gene encodes a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase that catalyzes conversion of tryptamine to serotonin in rice.

Abstract

Serotonin is a well known neurotransmitter in mammals and plays an important role in various mental functions in humans. In plants, the serotonin biosynthesis pathway and its function are not well understood. The rice sekiguchi lesion (sl) mutants accumulate tryptamine, a candidate substrate for serotonin biosynthesis. We isolated the SL gene by map-based cloning and found that it encodes CYP71P1 in a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase family. A recombinant SL protein exhibited tryptamine 5-hydroxylase enzyme activity and catalyzed the conversion of tryptamine to serotonin. This pathway is novel and has not been reported in mammals. Expression of SL was induced by the N-acetylchitooligosaccharide (chitin) elicitor and by infection with Magnaporthe grisea, a causal agent for rice blast disease. Exogenously applied serotonin induced defense gene expression and cell death in rice suspension cultures and increased resistance to rice blast infection in plants. We also found that serotonin-induced defense gene expression is mediated by the RacGTPase pathway and by the G alpha subunit of the heterotrimeric G protein. These results suggest that serotonin plays an important role in rice innate immunity.

• Authors: Tadashi Fujiwara, Sylvie Maisonneuve, Masayuki Isshiki, Masaharu Mizutani, Letian Chen, Hann Ling Wong, Tsutomu Kawasaki, Ko Shimamoto
• Journal: The Journal of biological chemistry (J Biol Chem) Vol. 285 Issue 15 Pg. 11308-13 (Apr 09 2010) ISSN: 1083-351X [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 20150424 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Tryptamines
• Chitin
• Serotonin
• tryptamine
• Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System
• tryptamine 5-hydroxylase
• rac GTP-Binding Proteins

Topics

• Catalysis
• Cell Wall (metabolism)
• Chitin (chemistry)
• Chromosome Mapping
• Cloning, Molecular
• Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System (genetics, metabolism, physiology)
• Gene Expression Regulation, Plant
• Immunity, Innate
• Oryza
• Plasmids (metabolism)
• Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
• Serotonin (chemistry, metabolism)
• Tryptamines (chemistry)
• rac GTP-Binding Proteins (metabolism)