Abstract | BACKGROUND: METHODS: RESULTS: The third of five planned interim analyses showed a significant difference in the occurrence of PCP, with 8 cases in pentamidine group and 23 in the placebo group (nominal P value = 0.0021). There were no deaths within 60 days of the diagnosis of PCP and no significant differences in survival between groups. Approximately 53 inhalations were needed to prevent one episode of pneumonia. Thirty-eight of 114 patients given pentamidine (33 percent) and 7 of 109 given placebo (6 percent) had moderate-to-severe coughing during inhalations (two-tailed P less than 0.00001), which caused 4 patients given pentamidine (3.5 percent) to discontinue taking it. CONCLUSIONS: A dose of 300 mg of aerosolized pentamidine given every four weeks was well tolerated and 60 to 70 percent effective in preventing a first episode of PCP in patients with HIV infection.
|
Authors | B Hirschel, A Lazzarin, P Chopard, M Opravil, H J Furrer, S Rüttimann, P Vernazza, J P Chave, F Ancarani, V Gabriel |
Journal | The New England journal of medicine
(N Engl J Med)
Vol. 324
Issue 16
Pg. 1079-83
(Apr 18 1991)
ISSN: 0028-4793 [Print] United States |
PMID | 2008181
(Publication Type: Clinical Trial, Controlled Clinical Trial, Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
|
Chemical References |
|
Topics |
- AIDS-Related Complex
(complications)
- Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
(complications)
- Administration, Inhalation
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Aerosols
- Aged
- Female
- HIV Seropositivity
(complications)
- Humans
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Pentamidine
(administration & dosage, adverse effects, therapeutic use)
- Pneumonia, Pneumocystis
(prevention & control)
|