Recovery from chronic rotavirus infection in mice with severe combined immunodeficiency: virus clearance mediated by adoptive transfer of immune CD8+ T lymphocytes.

Abstract

Severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice lack both functional T and B cells. These mice develop chronic rotavirus infection following an oral inoculation with the epizootic diarrhea of infant mice (EDIM) rotavirus. Reconstitution of rotavirus-infected SCID mice with T lymphocytes from immunocompetent mice allows an evaluation of a role of T-cell-mediated immunity in clearing chronic rotavirus infection. Complete rotavirus clearance was demonstrated in C.B-17/scid mice 7 to 9 days after the transfer of immune CD8+ splenic T lymphocytes from histocompatible BALB/c mice previously immunized intraperitoneally with the EDIM-w strain of murine rotavirus. The virus clearance mediated by T-cell transfer was restricted to H-2d-bearing T cells and occurred in the absence of rotavirus-specific antibody as determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, neutralization, immunohistochemistry, and radioimmunoprecipitation. Temporary clearance of rotavirus was observed after the transfer of immune CD8+ T cells isolated from the intestinal mucosa (intraepithelial lymphocytes [IELs]) or the spleens of BALB/c mice previously infected with EDIM by the oral route. Chronic virus shedding was transiently eliminated 7 to 11 days after spleen cell transfer and 11 to 12 days after IEL transfer. However, recurrence of rotavirus infection was detected 1 to 8 days later in all but one SCID recipient receiving cells from orally immunized donors. The viral clearance was mediated by IELs that were both Thy1+ and CD8+. These data demonstrated that the clearance of chronic rotavirus infection in SCID mice can be mediated by immune CD8+ T lymphocytes and that this clearance can occur in the absence of virus-specific antibodies.

• Authors: T Dharakul, L Rott, H B Greenberg
• Journal: Journal of virology (J Virol) Vol. 64 Issue 9 Pg. 4375-82 (Sep 1990) ISSN: 0022-538X [Print] United States
• PMID: 1974652 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.)

Chemical References

• Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte
• Antigens, Surface
• Antigens, Viral
• CD8 Antigens
• Thy-1 Antigens

Topics

• Animals
• Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte (immunology)
• Antigens, Surface (analysis, immunology)
• Antigens, Viral (analysis)
• CD8 Antigens
• Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
• Feces (microbiology)
• Female
• Immunization, Passive
• Immunoenzyme Techniques
• Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes (complications, immunology)
• Major Histocompatibility Complex
• Mice
• Mice, Inbred BALB C
• Mice, Mutant Strains
• Rotavirus (isolation & purification)
• Rotavirus Infections (complications, immunology)
• Spleen (immunology)
• T-Lymphocytes (immunology, transplantation)
• Thy-1 Antigens