Antidiabetic and antioxidant effects of hydroxytyrosol and oleuropein from olive leaves in alloxan-diabetic rats.

Abstract	This study was designed to test the antidiabetic and antioxidative activities of olive leaf oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol. Diabetes in Wistar rats was induced by intraperitoneal injections of alloxan. The serum glucose and cholesterol, hepatic glycogen, the thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), and the components of hepatic and serum antioxidant system were examined. Diabetic rats showed hyperglycemia, hypercholesterolemia, increased lipid peroxidation, and depletion in the antioxidant enzymes activities. The administration, for 4 weeks, of oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol rich extracts, leading to 8 and 16 mg/kg body weight of each compound, significantly decreased the serum glucose and cholesterols levels and restored the antioxidant perturbations. These results suggested that the antidiabetic effect of oleuropein and hydroxytyrosol might be due to their antioxidant activities restraining the oxidative stress which is widely associated with diabetes pathologies and complications.
Authors	Hedya Jemai, Abdelfattah El Feki, Sami Sayadi
Journal	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry (J Agric Food Chem) Vol. 57 Issue 19 Pg. 8798-804 (Oct 14 2009) ISSN: 1520-5118 [Electronic] United States
PMID	19725535 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
Chemical References	Antioxidants Blood Glucose Hypoglycemic Agents Iridoid Glucosides Iridoids Plant Extracts Pyrans 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethanol oleuropein Phenylethyl Alcohol
Topics	Animals Antioxidants (administration & dosage) Blood Glucose (analysis) Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental (drug therapy, metabolism, pathology) Hypoglycemic Agents (administration & dosage) Iridoid Glucosides Iridoids Liver (chemistry, pathology) Male Olea (chemistry) Oxidative Stress (drug effects) Phenylethyl Alcohol (administration & dosage, analogs & derivatives) Phytotherapy Plant Extracts (therapeutic use) Plant Leaves (chemistry) Pyrans (administration & dosage) Rats Rats, Wistar

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