Serum olfactomedin 4 (GW112, hGC-1) in combination with Reg IV is a highly sensitive biomarker for gastric cancer patients.

Abstract

Gastric cancer (GC) is 1 of the most common human cancers. Early detection remains the most promising approach to improving long-term survival of patients with GC. We previously performed Serial Analysis of Gene Expression (SAGE) on 4 primary GCs and identified several GC-specific genes including Reg IV. Of these genes, olfactomedin 4 (OLFM4, also known as GW112 or hGC-1) is a candidate gene for cancer-specific expression. In this study, we examined the expression of olfactomedin 4 in human GC by immunohistochemistry. We also assessed serum olfactomedin 4 levels in GC patients by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. 94 (56%) of 167 GC cases were positive for olfactomedin 4 by immunostaining. Olfactomedin 4 staining was observed more frequently in stage I/II cases than in stage III/IV cases. The serum olfactomedin 4 concentration in presurgical GC patients (n = 123, mean +/- SE, 36.3 +/- 3.5 ng/mL) was significantly higher than that in healthy individuals (n = 76, 16.6 +/- 1.6 ng/mL). In patients with stage I GC, the sensitivity of serum olfactomedin 4 (25%) and Reg IV (35%) was superior to that of CA19-9 (5%) or CEA (3%). Furthermore, in patients with stage I GC, the combination of olfactomedin 4 and Reg IV elevated the diagnostic sensitivity to 52%. These results suggest that serum olfactomedin 4 is a useful marker for GC and its measurement alone or in combination with Reg IV has utility in the early detection of GC.

• Authors: Naohide Oue, Kazuhiro Sentani, Tsuyoshi Noguchi, Shinya Ohara, Naoya Sakamoto, Tetsutaro Hayashi, Katsuhiro Anami, Junichi Motoshita, Masanori Ito, Shinji Tanaka, Kazuhiro Yoshida, Wataru Yasui
• Journal: International journal of cancer (Int J Cancer) Vol. 125 Issue 10 Pg. 2383-92 (Nov 15 2009) ISSN: 1097-0215 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 19670418 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Biomarkers, Tumor
• CA-19-9 Antigen
• Carcinoembryonic Antigen
• Lectins, C-Type
• OLFM4 protein, human
• Pancreatitis-Associated Proteins
• REG4 protein, human
• RNA, Messenger
• Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor

Topics

• Adenocarcinoma (blood, genetics, secondary)
• Adult
• Aged
• Aged, 80 and over
• Animals
• Biomarkers, Tumor (blood)
• Blotting, Western
• CA-19-9 Antigen (blood, genetics)
• Carcinoembryonic Antigen (blood, genetics)
• Carcinoma, Adenosquamous (blood, genetics, secondary)
• Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
• Female
• Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor (blood, genetics, immunology)
• Humans
• Immunoenzyme Techniques
• Lectins, C-Type (blood, genetics)
• Male
• Mice
• Mice, Inbred BALB C
• Middle Aged
• Pancreatitis-Associated Proteins
• Prognosis
• RNA, Messenger (genetics, metabolism)
• Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
• Sensitivity and Specificity
• Stomach Neoplasms (blood, genetics, pathology)
• Survival Rate
• Tumor Cells, Cultured