Abstract | OBJECTIVES: METHODS: 96 patients (33 with subjective cognitive impairment--SCI; 36 with mild cognitive impairment--MCI; 27 with AD) referred to the Memory Clinic at Karolinska University Hospital, Sweden. Plasma assessments were done by isotope dilution-mass spectrometry. MRI measurements were done using custom-made software BMAP (imaging laboratory, Karolinska Institutet), running on HERMES platform. RESULTS: Ratios of 24-hydroxycholesterol, 27-hydroxycholesterol, lanosterol and lathosterol to cholesterol (R_24OHC, R_27OHC, R_ lanosterol and R_ lathosterol) were significantly lower in patients with AD. In the whole population, after controlling for age, sex, APOE genotype and statins, R_24OHC was positively related to gray matter (GM) fraction. However, when groups were considered separately, the relation to GM volume, GM and parenchymal fractions was significant in the SCI group only (p<0.05). There was a significant positive association between cholesterol and white matter (WM) volume, WM and parenchymal fractions in patients with AD. CONCLUSIONS: Plasma R_24OHC was lower in patients with AD, but R_24OHC was significantly related to brain volumes in the control group only. One reason may be the previously demonstrated abnormal expression of cholesterol 24S-hydroxylase in astrocytes in AD, which may limit the usefulness of this plasma marker in this specific disease. The findings on cholesterol agree with previous reports of decreasing plasma cholesterol levels in AD patients, suggesting a CNS-mediated effect on extracerebral cholesterol homeostasis.
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Authors | Alina Solomon, Valerio Leoni, Miia Kivipelto, Ariadna Besga, Anne Rita Oksengård, Per Julin, Leif Svensson, Lars-Olof Wahlund, Niels Andreasen, Bengt Winblad, Hilkka Soininen, Ingemar Björkhem |
Journal | Neuroscience letters
(Neurosci Lett)
Vol. 462
Issue 1
Pg. 89-93
(Oct 02 2009)
ISSN: 1872-7972 [Electronic] Ireland |
PMID | 19560513
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)
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Chemical References |
- Apolipoproteins E
- Cholesterol, HDL
- Cholesterol, LDL
- Hydroxycholesterols
- Lanosterol
- 24-hydroxycholesterol
- 27-hydroxycholesterol
- lathosterol
- Cholesterol
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Topics |
- Age Factors
- Aged
- Alzheimer Disease
(blood, genetics, pathology)
- Apolipoproteins E
(genetics)
- Brain
(pathology)
- Cholesterol
(blood)
- Cholesterol, HDL
(blood)
- Cholesterol, LDL
(blood)
- Cognition Disorders
(blood, genetics, pathology)
- Female
- Genotype
- Humans
- Hydroxycholesterols
(blood)
- Lanosterol
(blood)
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Organ Size
- Sex Factors
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