Baseline characteristics in the Trial to Reduce Cardiovascular Events With Aranesp Therapy (TREAT).

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Anemia augments the already high rates of fatal and major nonfatal cardiovascular and renal events in individuals with type 2 diabetes. In 2004, we initiated the Trial to Reduce Cardiovascular Events With Aranesp Therapy (TREAT). This report presents the baseline characteristics and therapies of TREAT participants and subgroups defined by the presence or absence of overt proteinuria and history of cardiovascular disease. The design of TREAT and baseline characteristics also are compared with 2 recent trials of nondialysis patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) in which treatment with another erythropoiesis-stimulating agent targeting greater hemoglobin levels had either a neutral or adverse effect on clinical outcomes.

STUDY DESIGN:

Randomized trial.

SETTING & PARTICIPANTS:

4,044 participants with type 2 diabetes, CKD (defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate of 20 to 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2)), and anemia (hemoglobin < or = 11 g/dL) from 24 countries.

INTERVENTION:

Darbepoetin alfa to attempt to increase hemoglobin levels to 13 g/dL compared with placebo.

OUTCOMES:

TREAT is an event-driven design to continue until approximately 1,203 patients experience a primary event: the composite end point of death or cardiovascular morbidity (nonfatal myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, stroke, or hospitalization for myocardial ischemia). The composite end point of death or need for long-term renal replacement therapy also is a primary end point.

CONCLUSIONS:

With several-fold more patient-years and a placebo arm, TREAT will provide a robust estimate of the safety and efficacy of darbepoetin alfa and generate prospective data regarding the risks of major cardiovascular and renal events in a contemporarily managed cohort of patients with type 2 diabetes, CKD, and anemia.

• Authors: Marc A Pfeffer, Emmanuel A Burdmann, Chao-Yin Chen, Mark E Cooper, Dick de Zeeuw, Kai-Uwe Eckardt, Peter Ivanovich, Reshma Kewalramani, Andrew S Levey, Eldrin F Lewis, Janet McGill, John J V McMurray, Patrick Parfrey, Hans-Henrik Parving, Giuseppe Remuzzi, Ajay K Singh, Scott D Solomon, Robert Toto, Hajime Uno, TREAT Investigators
• Journal: American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation (Am J Kidney Dis) Vol. 54 Issue 1 Pg. 59-69 (Jul 2009) ISSN: 1523-6838 [Electronic] United States
• PMID: 19501439 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Multicenter Study, Randomized Controlled Trial, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't)

Chemical References

• Hematinics
• Erythropoietin
• Darbepoetin alfa

Topics

• Aged
• Anemia (complications, drug therapy, physiopathology)
• Cardiovascular Diseases (epidemiology, prevention & control)
• Cohort Studies
• Darbepoetin alfa
• Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 (complications, physiopathology)
• Erythropoietin (analogs & derivatives, therapeutic use)
• Female
• Glomerular Filtration Rate (physiology)
• Hematinics (therapeutic use)
• Humans
• Kidney Diseases (complications, physiopathology)
• Male
• Middle Aged
• Proteinuria (complications, physiopathology)
• Risk Factors
• Treatment Outcome