Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma represents a complex set of
neoplasms arising in diverse anatomical locations. The site and stage of the
cancer determine whether patients will be treated with single or multi-modality
therapy. The
HDAC inhibitor LBH589 is effective in treating some haematological
neoplasms and shows promise for certain
epithelial neoplasms. As with other human
cancer cell lines,
LBH589 causes up-regulation of p21, G2/M cell cycle arrest, and cell death of human
HNSCC cell lines, as measured using flow cytometry and
cDNA microarrays. Global
RNA expression studies following treatment of the
HNSCC cell line FaDu with
LBH589 reveal down-regulation of genes required for chromosome congression and segregation (SMC2L1), sister chromatid cohesion (DDX11), and kinetochore structure (CENP-A, CENP-F, and CENP-M); these LBH589-induced changes in gene expression coupled with the down-regulation of MYC and BIRC5 (
survivin) provide a plausible explanation for the early mitotic arrest and cell death observed. When LBH589-induced changes in gene expression were compared with gene expression profiles of 41 primary
HNSCC samples, many of the genes that were down-regulated by
LBH589 showed increased expression in primary
HNSCC, suggesting that some patients with
HNSCC may respond to treatment with
LBH589.