Abstract | OBJECTIVES: To examine the significance of the carbonation rate (CR) in carbonated apatite ( carbapatite [CA]) stones and its relationships with the morphologic characteristics of CA and etiology. CA stones without struvite can result from metabolic disorders or urinary tract infection, but the latter etiology is still debated. Infection stones caused by urea-splitting bacteria are made of CA admixed with struvite and exhibit a high CO(3)(2-)/PO(4)(3-) ratio (CR). However, little is known as to the significance of the CR of CA in the absence of struvite in idiopathic calcium phosphate stones. METHODS: RESULTS: The CR of CA was 14% +/- 9%. On scanning electron microscopy, the CA particles appeared as spherules of 4.5 +/- 3.0 mum in diameter and were significantly larger in females than in males. In 16 cases, scanning electron microscopy showed bacterial imprints. In these calculi, the CR was significantly greater (22% +/- 7%) than in those without a visible bacterial imprint (8% +/- 5%, P < .0001). Amorphous carbonated calcium phosphate was found in 15 of 16 stones (93.8%) with imprints and in none of the 23 stones without imprints (P < .0001). CONCLUSIONS:
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Authors | Xavier Carpentier, Michel Daudon, Olivier Traxer, Paul Jungers, Aurélie Mazouyes, Guy Matzen, Emmanuel Véron, Dominique Bazin |
Journal | Urology
(Urology)
Vol. 73
Issue 5
Pg. 968-75
(May 2009)
ISSN: 1527-9995 [Electronic] United States |
PMID | 19394492
(Publication Type: Comparative Study, Journal Article)
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Chemical References |
- Apatites
- Bicarbonates
- Calcium Phosphates
- carboapatite
- calcium phosphate
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Topics |
- Apatites
(chemistry)
- Bicarbonates
(chemistry)
- Calcium Phosphates
(chemistry)
- Cohort Studies
- Female
- Humans
- Male
- Metabolic Diseases
(complications)
- Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
- Sensitivity and Specificity
- Urinary Calculi
(chemistry, etiology)
- Urinary Tract Infections
(complications, diagnosis)
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