Abstract |
Oral administration of 2,4-dichloro-1-nitrobenzene (2,4-DCNB) causes kidney tumors in the rat. The objective of the present study was to identify the chemical structure of 2,4-DCNB metabolites in urine. Urine from 2,4-DCNB fed rats was more yellow than urine from control rats, exhibiting a broad UV-spectrum around a peak wavelength of 360 nm; the control urine did not have an absorbance. The yellow component was extracted and analyzed. The optical properties of the yellow component were the same as the N-acetylcysteine conjugate of 1,4-dichloro-2-nitrobenzene (1,4-DCNB): 1,4-DCNB is secreted in urine as an N-acetylcysteine conjugate. LC-MS/MS analyses of this yellow component demonstrated its chemical structure to be the N-acetylcysteine conjugate of 2,4-DCNB. Nuclear overhauser effect and LC-MS/MS analyses revealed the structural isomer of this 2,4-DCNB metabolite as N-acetyl-S-(5-chloro-2-nitrophenyl)-L-cysteine. We also discuss the possibility that the N-acetylcysteine conjugate identified in this study plays a role as a proximate carcinogen in the formation of kidney tumors.
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Authors | Makoto Ohnishi, Makoto Take, Seigo Yamamoto, Shoji Fukushima, Hirofumi Yajima |
Journal | The Journal of toxicological sciences
(J Toxicol Sci)
Vol. 34
Issue 2
Pg. 233-7
(Apr 2009)
ISSN: 1880-3989 [Electronic] Japan |
PMID | 19336981
(Publication Type: Letter)
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Chemical References |
- Carcinogens
- Nitrobenzenes
- 2,4-dichloro-1-nitrobenzene
- Acetylcysteine
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Topics |
- Acetylcysteine
(analysis, urine)
- Administration, Oral
- Animals
- Carcinogens
(pharmacokinetics)
- Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
- Male
- Nitrobenzenes
(pharmacokinetics)
- Rats
- Rats, Inbred F344
- Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization
- Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet
- Tandem Mass Spectrometry
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