The aim of this study is to determine the protective effects of
vitamin D(3) and
dehydroascorbic acid (DHA), a blood-brain barrier transportable form of
vitamin C, against
ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury on a
middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion model of brain since
reactive oxygen species play an important role in the pathophysiology of I/R injury in brain. In order to examine
antioxidant status and lipid peroxidation, we assayed
malondialdehyde (MDA) levels as a marker of lipid peroxidation, and
reduced glutathione (GSH) and
superoxide dismutase (SOD)
enzyme activities as
free radical scavenging
enzymes in cortex and corpus striatum (CS). Wistar albino rats were divided into five equal groups of each consisting of seven rats: control, I/R, I/R + DHA, I/R +
vitamin D(3), and I/R +
vitamin D(3) +
dehydroascorbic acid groups. MDA levels were found to be increased in the I/R group, I/R + DHA, and I/R +
vitamin D(3) groups compared with the control group in both cortex and corpus striatum. However, MDA level were found to be significantly decreased in only I/R +
vitamin D(3) + DHA group compared with the I/R group in cortex (P < 0.0001). MDA levels were not significantly different in I/R + DHA, and I/R +
vitamin D(3) groups compared with the I/R group. GSH and SOD
enzyme activities were significantly decreased in I/R, I/R + DHA, and I/R +
vitamin D(3) groups compared with the control group in both cortex and corpus striatum (CS) (P < 0.0001). Whereas, both GSH and SOD activity were increased in I/R +
vitamin D(3) + DHA group compared with the I/R group in both cortex and CS (P < 0.001 in cortex, P < 0.001 in CS for SOD P < 0.002 in cortex P < 0.03 in CS for GSH). Our results demonstrate that the combination of
vitamin D(3) and DHA treatment prevent
free radical production and dietary supplementation of
vitamin D(3) and DHA which may be useful in the ischemic cerebral
vascular diseases.