Reactivity to sodium tetrachloropalladate (Na2[PdCl4]) compared to PdCl2 and NiCl2 in lymphocyte proliferation tests.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

For patch testing, replacement of the commonly used palladium dichloride (PdCl2) by sodium tetrachloropalladate (Na2[PdCl4]) was recently demonstrated to improve test accuracy and show a significant correlation with nickel (Ni), supporting the concept of cross-reactivity between Pd and Ni. A promising alternative to metal allergy patch testing is the in vitro lymphocyte proliferation test (LTT).

OBJECTIVES:

The aim of this study was to test whether Na2[PdCl4] is also more sensitive for diagnosing Pd allergy with a standardized LTT.

PATIENTS/METHODS:

After determining optimal nontoxic and nonmitogenic concentrations for Na2[PdCl4], blood samples from 105 patients with clinical suspicion of metal allergy were tested with an LTT called memory lymphocyte immuno stimulation assay for Na2[PdCl4], PdCl2 and NiCl2. Reaction profiles were analysed for concordant positive reactions.

RESULTS:

Using the conventional cut-off of stimulation index > or = 3, 74.3% showed a positive reaction to NiCl2, 15.2% to PdCl2 and 28.6% to Na2[PdCl4]. All positive results to PdCl2 were covered by Na2[PdCl4]. From the 30 positive reactions to Na2[PdCl4], 26 (87%) were concordant for NiCl2 reactivity.

CONCLUSION:

In LTT, the use of Na2[PdCl4] results in more positive reactions in Pd allergy testing which are in concordance with positive reactions to PdCl2 and NiCl2.

• Authors: J Muris, C J Kleverlaan, A J Feilzer, E Valentine-Thon
• Journal: Allergy (Allergy) Vol. 64 Issue 8 Pg. 1152-6 (Aug 2009) ISSN: 1398-9995 [Electronic] Denmark
• PMID: 19208086 (Publication Type: Comparative Study, Journal Article)

Chemical References

• Allergens
• tetrachloropalladium
• Palladium
• nickel chloride
• Nickel
• palladium chloride

Topics

• Allergens (adverse effects)
• Cell Proliferation
• Cross Reactions
• Humans
• Hypersensitivity (diagnosis, immunology)
• Immunoassay
• Immunologic Memory
• Lymphocyte Activation
• Lymphocytes (immunology)
• Nickel (immunology)
• Palladium (immunology)
• Sensitivity and Specificity