The high frequency and the severity of malignant
pleurisies, despite their etiology, make the problem to be of great importance. At national level, the problem of neoplastic
pleurisies was and still remains a medico-surgical problem with socio-economic implications, especially in the situation when
cancer represents a major health problem for the national health system. Treatments are mostly palliative aiming to relieve
dyspnea and thoracic
pain. The increasing incidence of malignant
pleurisies enforce a better knowledge of pathogenic mechanisms that led to a new therapeutic approach with promising results--
cytoreductive surgery combined with intraoperative hyperthermic intrathoracic
chemotherapy. Recent studies about compared results of different types of treatments, function of survival period and side-effects, demonstrate the advantages of association between surgical treatment with the intrapleural administration of hyperthermic
chemotherapy, which may have control on
pleurisy and pleural involvement. It is considered that
hyperthermia represents a hope in increasing the quality of patient's life with
radiotherapy and
chemotherapy, as well as surgical treatment, resistant neoplastic
pleurisy. It is necessary to be made in accordance with classical oncological treatments.