Review article: panitumumab--a fully human anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody for treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer.

Abstract

BACKGROUND:

Panitumumab is a fully human monoclonal IgG2 antibody targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR).

AIM:

To review the efficacy of panitumumab in the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC).

METHODS:

Available literature identified from PubMed and conference websites was reviewed.

RESULTS:

In phase 2-3 studies, panitumumab monotherapy achieved objective response rates (ORRs) of 8-13% in relapsed/refractory EGFR-expressing mCRC. In a randomized phase 3 study (463 patients), panitumumab almost halved the risk of disease progression/death vs. a control group receiving only best supportive care (hazard ratio 0.54; 95% CI: 0.44-0.66; P < 0.0001). Objective response was achieved in 22/231 (10%) patients randomized to panitumumab--and also in 20/176 (11%) patients assigned to the control group who received panitumumab in a separate crossover protocol after disease progression. Response was confined to patients with tumours harbouring wild-type KRAS (ORR approximately equal to 20%). Panitumumab is also being evaluated in earlier lines of treatment. Panitumumab monotherapy is generally well tolerated; the most common toxicities are skin toxicity (approximately equal to 90%) and diarrhoea (<30%). Development of anti-panitumumab antibodies (0.3% by ELISA) and grade 3-4 infusion reactions (<1%) are rare.

CONCLUSION:

Panitumumab is an effective monotherapy option for patients with relapsed/refractory EGFR-expressing mCRC harbouring wild-type KRAS.

• Authors: M Peeters, J Balfour, D Arnold
• Journal: Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics (Aliment Pharmacol Ther) Vol. 28 Issue 3 Pg. 269-81 (Aug 01 2008) ISSN: 0269-2813 [Print] England
• PMID: 19086328 (Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Review)

Chemical References

• Antibodies, Monoclonal
• Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
• Biomarkers, Tumor
• Immunoglobulin G
• KRAS protein, human
• Proto-Oncogene Proteins
• Panitumumab
• Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)
• ras Proteins
• Cetuximab

Topics

• Adenocarcinoma (drug therapy, genetics, secondary)
• Antibodies, Monoclonal (administration & dosage)
• Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
• Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols (therapeutic use)
• Biomarkers, Tumor (genetics)
• Cetuximab
• Clinical Trials as Topic
• Colorectal Neoplasms (drug therapy, genetics, secondary)
• Disease-Free Survival
• Female
• Humans
• Immunoglobulin G (genetics)
• Male
• Panitumumab
• Patient Selection
• Proto-Oncogene Proteins (administration & dosage)
• Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)
• ras Proteins (administration & dosage)