Abstract | BACKGROUND: OBJECTIVE: DESIGN: A total of 74,942 women aged 40-70 y were recruited into the Shanghai Women's Health Study, a population-based cohort study. Dietary intake was assessed by in-person interviews. A Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to evaluate associations. RESULTS: During an average of 7.35 y of follow- up, 616 incident breast cancer cases were documented. A higher carbohydrate intake was associated with a higher risk of premenopausal breast cancer (P for trend = 0.002). Compared with the lowest quintile, the hazard ratios (and 95% CIs) were 1.47 (1.00, 2.32) and 2.01 (1.26, 3.19) for the fourth and fifth quintiles, respectively. A similar pattern was found for glycemic load. The association between carbohydrate intake and breast cancer was significantly modified by age; the increased breast cancer risk associated with carbohydrate intake was restricted to women who were younger than 50 y. No significant association of breast cancer risk with glycemic index or dietary fiber intake was found. CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that a high carbohydrate intake and a diet with a high glycemic load may be associated with breast cancer risk in premenopausal women or women <50 y.
|
Authors | Wanqing Wen, Xiao Ou Shu, Honglan Li, Gong Yang, Bu-Tian Ji, Hui Cai, Yu-Tang Gao, Wei Zheng |
Journal | The American journal of clinical nutrition
(Am J Clin Nutr)
Vol. 89
Issue 1
Pg. 283-9
(Jan 2009)
ISSN: 1938-3207 [Electronic] United States |
PMID | 19056583
(Publication Type: Journal Article, Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural)
|
Chemical References |
- Dietary Carbohydrates
- Dietary Fiber
- Estrogens
- Insulin
|
Topics |
- Adult
- Age Factors
- Aged
- Breast Neoplasms
(epidemiology)
- China
(epidemiology)
- Cohort Studies
- Confidence Intervals
- Dietary Carbohydrates
(administration & dosage)
- Dietary Fiber
(administration & dosage)
- Estrogens
(metabolism)
- Female
- Glycemic Index
- Humans
- Insulin
(blood)
- Middle Aged
- Odds Ratio
- Premenopause
- Proportional Hazards Models
- Prospective Studies
- Risk Assessment
- Risk Factors
|